Posts tagged ‘al Qaeda’

January 4, 2017

How We Were Misled About Syria: the role of MĂ©dicins Sans FrontiĂšres (MSF)

by mkleit

Original is from Tim Hayward wordpress

Source

msf-blames

 

I have unbounded admiration for the doctors who volunteer for the invaluable and often dangerous work of MĂ©dicins Sans FrontiĂšres (MSF). The question concerns MSF’s policy of ‘bearing witness’. MSF will speak out – even against governments – when it thinks a humanitarian situation could and should be dealt with differently by those it holds responsible.[1] It has done so in Syria.

But if none of MSF’s international doctors have been on the ground in Syria’s war zones since 2015,[2] how can MSF claim to bear witness for what is happening there?

MSF has relayed reports from the rebel-held areas to which, exclusively, its supplies and support have been dispatched. The reports – including allegations of government attacks on hospitals and civilians – come from people working with the permission and protection of such groups as Al Nusra, Isis and other foreign jihadis and mercenaries. These anti-government forces are known to exercise a rule of terror and to be not overly concerned about ordinary citizens’ access to medical attention. That is precisely why the MSF doctors withdrew from the areas under their control.[3] So there is scope to ask who the medics on the ground were, and who they were treating.

 

My question, though, simply concerns the reliability of uncorroborated witness statements coming from potentially compromised sources. For while press statements have been issued from various MSF offices around the world, it appears MSF had no independent access to verifiable information from Syria.

In fact, the public unavailability of detailed or verified information is a matter of record: even John Kirby of the US State Department could only assert that ‘relief agencies that we find credible are levelling these accusations’.[4]

The most prominent relief agency, and visible in all video footage linked to the alleged bombings, is the White Helmets.

It is a matter of record that the White Helmets are funded by the NATO and Gulf states whose avowed aim is regime change in Syria; or-38096it is generally believed that they work closely with terrorist organisations (how else could the Netflix documentary have shown them roaming so freely in a zone where MSF and Western journalists dared not set foot?[5]). Their independence and integrity are widely questioned.[6]

So while MSF has often been cited as an independent source of support for White Helmet testimony, its press statements have in fact merely repeated White Helmet claims![7]

Whether intending it or not, MSF thereby became complicit in purveying a particular narrative that suffused the Western media during the period from 22 September to 22 December 2016.[8] Before September, the media had been perfectly clear that the citizens of eastern Aleppo were being held captive, effectively as human shields, by forces dominated by jihadist terrorists.[9] That changed following the uncompromising statement by Samantha Power to the UN Security Council, in which she invoked the White Helmets as victims and witnesses of Russian and Syrian aggression.[10]

Western governments and media re-designated the terrorist groups as ‘moderate rebels’.[11] Concurrently, anti-government activists like Lina Shamy started tweeting in English, the celebrated twitter account in the name of the child Bana was created, and there followed a flow of ‘famous last webcams’ from purported ordinary civilians voicing fears of impending massacre by the Syrian government.

Those of us in the West who were uncertain about the authenticity of all this social media activity in a zone lacking basic infrastructure, let alone wifi,[12] were coaxed to accept the mainstream narrative because a respected organisation like MSF apparently bore witness to it.[13] Few of us realised that MSF was merely repeating White Helmet testimony, not independently verifying it.

The consistent testimony now coming from the people who have been liberated in eastern Aleppo suggests a quite different story from the one that Netflix and our media have promoted.[14] The Helmets themselves appear to have melted away with the departure from Aleppo of the jihadists and mercenaries. If there were any genuinely independent doctors working with them in Aleppo, they too have yet to be heard from. But most telling, in view of White Helmet claims to have saved some 70,000 lives (or whatever exact number we are invited to believe), is that not a single person interviewed in liberated Aleppo has thanked them.

 

So, in seeking to bear witness against the Syrian government, MSF has made claims on a basis that is uncertain and contested.[15]  By so publicly associating itself with the White Helmets and their narrative it may have risked compromising the reputation it relies on to attract international doctors.

Those of us who deeply appreciate the service to humankind of MSF’s international doctors are left to hope the organisation coordinating their work can be more sure to avoid bearing false witness.[16]

The problem with the false narrative is no trivial one, for it perpetuates a fundamental misrecognition of the causes of the war – and thus of all the casualities the doctors have to deal with.  A false narrative not only gives impunity to the guilty but it supports them in moving ever onwards with their murderous designs. It distracts from the ethical truth, too, that the jihadis and the states supplying them with arms and opportunity are in fundamental breach of the law and morality of just warfare.

oberg-5

oberg-6

 

 

[1] The background for this founding principle – of tĂ©moignage (‘bearing witness’) – is cited on their website: ‘Hundreds of thousands of people died in the Biafran war because of a deliberate government policy. On their return from the region, a group of young French doctors were frustrated and outraged by the inability of the Red Cross to say publicly what had happened.’ https://www.msf.org.uk/advocacy-and-temoignage

[2] MSF Voice from the Field in Syria: Dr. Nathalie Roberts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=61cmnPLk6uE

[3] Dr Nathalie Roberts has described how in the earlier days of the war in Syria, MSF had followed its usual working procedures in opposition-held areas but with the arrival of Islamic State group that became impossible: “they were not allowing all the patients to access the hospital”, they then started appropriating MSF supplies and even kidnapping MSF staff. They could not continue to work in a place where the occupying groups would not allow the doctors to do their medical job. (Dr Roberts interviewed on 13 March 2015) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4oQVUssxK-U

[4] http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/us-spokesperson-loses-temper-with-rt-journalist-over-syria-bombing-questions-a7423146.html

[5] I personally first became curious about the White Helmets from viewing the Netflix documentary (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wj4ncIEDxw), and the question I mention in the text here is the one I simply could not get past. I was therefore not surprised to find that others had already offered powerful critiques of the organisation.

I also had trouble imagining how people working in such desperate conditions would have the leisure to keep up with the latest Western craze of the Mannequin Challenge, and also the insensitivity to do a facsimile rescue for the purpose. The video of this PR own goal was quickly removed by the White Helmets’ promoters but remains available elsewhere at time of writing, e.g.:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zgl271A6LgQ

A discussion of it is here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b8bIupYSZeU

[6] The critical sources now on the internet are far too numerous to mention, but indicative examples include:
https://www.rt.com/op-edge/361957-syria-white-helmets-un/
http://21stcenturywire.com/2016/12/10/exclusive-president-raed-salehs-terrorist-connections-within-white-helmet-leadership/
https://janoberg.exposure.co/humans-in-liberated-aleppo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmFFvu5H4f4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_bObdZhqyE
http://21stcenturywire.com/2016/09/23/exclusive-the-real-syria-civil-defence-expose-natos-white-helmets-as-terrorist-linked-imposters/

[7] The spokespersons bearing MSF witness to the public are quite numerous and remote from Syria. They seldom make explicit the source of their information, but when they do we find it is the White Helmets.

Sam Taylor, for instance, who is Syria communications coordinator for MSF and is based in Jordan, uncritically reproduced White Helmets material: ‘The civil defense, also known as the White Helmets, said the hospital and adjacent buildings were struck in four consecutive airstrikes.’ ‘Video posted by the White Helmets showed lifeless bodies, including children, being pulled from a building and loaded into ambulances amid screams and wailing. Distraught rescue workers tried to keep away onlookers, apparently fearing more bombs.’ http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/airstikes-aleppo-hospital-1.3556632

Taylor does mention another authority: ‘Shortly after midday Thursday, new airstrikes in rebel-held areas killed at least 20 people in two neighbourhoods, the Syrian Civil Defense and the Observatory said.’ By ‘Observatory’, he presumably means the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. Although this sounds like an independent organisation, it is in fact a single individual named Rami Abdulrahman (sometimes referred to as Rami Abdul Rahman) living in Coventry in the UK; and he is presumably as independent as one can expect from an opposition exile whose small network of informants in Syria consists largely of anti-government activists.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/10/world/middleeast/the-man-behind-the-casualty-figures-in-syria.html

Certainly, he is no more directly a witness than is MSF’s spokesperson. Needless to say, the Observatory’s credibility and independence is disputed: http://russia-insider.com/en/media-criticism/man-behind-vaunted-syrian-observatory-human-rights-shown-all-his-full-absurdity; http://landdestroyer.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/syrian-ngos-working-directly-with.html; http://journal-neo.org/2015/12/12/the-syrian-observatory-for-human-rights-is-a-tool-of-western-propaganda/

Despite this lack of verified independent evidence, Taylor was prepared to state on behalf of MSF that a hospital attack ‘was deliberate’ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ebrpj689Ib8. While the basis for the accusation is not given, the cumulative effect of this sort of public statement is evident.

Pablo Marco Blanco, MSF’s Operations Manager for the Middle East in Barcelona, effectively endorsed the accusation, while admitting that the basis of the information was unconfirmed. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XI5KMAvfYDU.

Similar communications came from Muskilda Zancada, ‘MSF head of mission in Syria’ in Barcelona. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4s9uEp6Ujs). Zancada also stated that ‘civilians are targeted’ http://www.msf.org/en/article/syria-update-airstrike-al-quds-hospital. Paul McPhun, Executive Director MSF Australia, speaking from Australia (10 October 2016) likewise makes categorial statements about targeted bombings in Aleppo, but without indicating the source of his knowledge.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHyPtcG5a6M

It is even possible that the accusations are true. Yet it is also possible that they are not. The fallibility of MSF sources has been illustrated by how Teresa Sancristoval, Head of MSF’s Emergency Unit for Aleppo, was clearly being fed her information in Barcelona from people with an oppositional stance towards the Syrian Government because they were ‘afraid of the retaliations they can suffer’ http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/article/east-aleppo-ceasefire-fails-shelling-resumes-and-hope-fades (see note 7).

While I have no doubt that all MSF statements are made from a standpoint of agonised human sympathy, and in good faith, they take on a life of their own when picked up by the media and disseminated for further purposes.

In the end it is clear that what matters from the humanitarian point of view is that the bombing should stop. When MSF call for all sides to stop, they can claim to speak for humankind. When they complain of ‘targeted and indiscriminate bombing by the Syrian and Russian armed forces’ (http://www.msf.org/en/article/syria-crisis-update-28-november-2016) they create unnecessary controversy: if bombing both targeted and indiscriminate is to stop on the government side, that is as much as to say – from the government’s perspective – that it should simply allow the ISIS and Al Nusra terrorists free rein over the people and sovereign territory that it has a duty to defend. MSF do not want to say exactly this, I assume, but my point is that the organisation seems not to have a firm enough grip on its communications policy or a sufficiently coherent approach to defining its extra-medical mission.

[8] MSF statements from Syria condemning the Syrian and Russian governments have been demonstrably lacking in certainty or detail. For instance, in relaying reports of attacks on hospitals around Aleppo in May they note that ‘one was the MSF-supported al Sakhour hospital in Aleppo city, which was forced to suspend activities after being bombed at least twice on consecutive days.’ (https://www.msf.org.uk/country/syria) An inexact statement like this – being equivocal as to whether the number of bombings was two, three, or some other number – may or may not be true; it cannot claim to have been properly verified, since a verification would make clear whether or not a third or further bombings had occurred.

MSF uncritically accepted the veracity of the ‘famous last webcams’ coming out of besieged eastern Aleppo. As late as 14 December 2014 MSF wrote on their own website: ‘Whatever hope remained is rapidly dissipating. People are terrified, almost certain that their own deaths are near. Messages in which they say goodbye to their love ones are proliferating.’ http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/article/east-aleppo-ceasefire-fails-shelling-resumes-and-hope-fades ]

MSF do not appear to have known as much as one might hope or expect about the doctors they supported in terrorist-held Aleppo and whose words they relay to the public. The doctors communicating from terrorist-held Aleppo whose testimony the MSF publicly cited just prior to the liberation of Aleppo were apparently not looking forward to the end of the siege, and MSF even believed that their forebodings were shared by the ordinary people of Aleppo: ‘Like the rest of the population, “doctors are terrified and losing hope,” says Teresa Sancristoval, Head of MSF’s Emergency Unit for Aleppo. “They are afraid of the retaliations they can suffer. For the last two days, our exchanges have been more about goodbye messages and requests for evacuation than anything else. They feel abandoned to their fate and with no way out.”’ http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/article/east-aleppo-ceasefire-fails-shelling-resumes-and-hope-fades

[9] https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/mar/02/us-syria-policy-tatters-moderate-rebels-disband

[10] As Stephen Cohen has pointed out, the sea change came with the breakdown of negotiations between Obama and Putin. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPp8eKBjcyA&t=974s

The view was then forcefully asserted against Obama by Samantha Power.
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/22/syria-obama-us-president-putin-russia

In her speech to UN Security Council she singled out the White Helmets as victims and witnesses of Russian and Syrian attacks. She declared: ‘This is not the day, this is not the time to blame all sides, to draw false equivalencies. It is not the time to say that “airstrikes took place,” or “civilians were killed.” It is time to say who is carrying out those airstrikes, and who is killing civilians.’ https://usun.state.gov/remarks/7453
[11] Some insights into the unreliability of the mainstream narrative have occasionally been heard from within mainstream media outlets.

For instance:
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/syria-aleppo-iraq-mosul-isis-middle-east-conflict-assad-war-everything-youve-read-could-be-wrong-a7451656.html
http://blogs.spectator.co.uk/2016/12/time-judge-assads-aleppo-campaign-standards-set-mosul/
http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/aleppo-falls-to-syrian-regime-bashar-al-assad-rebels-uk-government-more-than-one-story-robert-fisk-a7471576.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1B2xFqfEgY (‘Tulsi Gabbard tells the truth about Syria’ on CNN)
Carla Ortiz Speaks about her Experience in Aleppo and The Little Syrian Girl
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAE3WawgOX0&feature=share

Criticisms have of course been extensive in the Russian media. Since promoters of the Western narrative do not regard the Russia Today (RT) channel as a reliable source, I mention just a couple of interviews that they might concede have some credibility – one from a Church of England clergyman and one from a former UK ambassador to Syria:
‘Consistent stories of brutality at the hands of the Syrian rebels’ – Rev. Andrew Ashdown
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8iM_eY2viQ

US effectively siding with Al-Qaeda in desire to get rid of Assad – former UK ambassador to Syria
https://www.rt.com/news/345636-us-siding-al-qaeda-ford/

[12] Common sense scepticism on this point is supported by the first hand testimony of Carla Ortiz about trying to get internet connections in Aleppo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=il7I1FTRSwY.

[13] I have seen MSF cited as a source to discredit the account of Syria given to the UN by Canadian journalist Eva Bartlett   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uap0GwBYdBA
In fact, I was first prompted to do the research that led to writing this blog because a respected and well-informed friend on Facebook invoked MSF as a refutation of Bartlett’s claims. I believe it has since become clear that events have entirely vindicated Bartlett.

[14] Some examples of interviews with newly liberated citizens in Aleppo:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xjPpREHEF1Y
https://www.facebook.com/vanessa.beeley/posts/10155907018683868
https://www.sott.net/article/337545-East-Aleppo-Diaries-Testimony-from-Hanano-Shatters-Corporate-Fake-News
https://janoberg.exposure.co/humans-in-liberated-aleppo
https://www.sott.net/article/338019-Bolivian-actress-Carla-Ortiz-exposes-what-went-wrong-with-Western-media-coverage-of-Syrian-conflict

[15] Stronger criticism of MSF than I am making is found in Miri Wood’s ‘Guide to Understanding How ‘Unhospitals’ Cannot Be Bombed’ http://www.syrianews.cc/guide-understanding-unhospitals-cannot-bombed/ ; MSF’s relationship with the Syrian Government is known to be an uneasy one: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/12161437/Medecins-Sans-Frontieres-run-by-French-intelligence-says-Assad-regime.html

[16] MSF takes a certain pride in fostering debate and allowing some plurality of political views to be aired within the organisation: it does not attempt, as ICRC does, to hold a single public line. (Rony Brauman, ‘MĂ©decins Sans FrontiĂšres and the ICRC: matters of principle’, International Review of the Red Cross, No. 888, 31 December 2012: https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/article/review-2012/irrc-888-brauman.htm)

Yet the public hears MSF-branded messages and thinks they represent the honest and considered position of a respected organisation. They are encouraged to do so by the fact that press releases and comments are issued by the organisation and not as independent opinions of particular members.

While it is not my place to tell MSF how to conduct its affairs, I would say that their internal plurality of opinion is not necessarily a virtue: if they cannot agree on certain matters of principle about bearing witness, then the wise option might be simply to refrain, as ICRC do. At any rate, some of their internal philosophical debate strikes this reader as unhelpfully verbose and analytically unclear. More specifically relating to Syria, it is reasonable to believe that the geopolitics of the region and the machinations of its various protagonists are as complex and challenging, in their way, as are the medical emergencies in a war zone. Even the most judicious political analyst would not be much use in dealing with the latter. The people in MSF offices might reflect on whether the converse does not also apply.

We are not in a position to know if Syria or Russia should answer any charges in respect of the conduct of war.  We do know that their enemies must, and, more crucially, that they face the more fundamental charge of having attacked Syria and its people without just cause.

I find a rather bitter irony in the MSF position that they distinguish themselves from the ICRC in not being willing to patch up victims simply in order to make possible further harm to them; for that could be said to be what they are doing by wishing that a sovereign people should not use full lethal force against merciless invaders on its soil.

November 25, 2016

Analysis: Why Sweden is giving an award to White Helmets?

by mkleit

 

 

Sweden did not succeed in getting Bob Dylan to come to Stockholm to receive the Nobel Literature Prize. As a consolation Sweden got nevertheless the “White Helmets”; they were bestowed today the Right Livelihood Award.

 

This article examines a likely geopolitical rationale that the Swedish elites had for selecting that organization. Also, facts suggest a congruence between the stances of those elites on Syria and the declared political aims of the organization White Helmets. The reviewing of the institutions involved in the award-decision and process can also result relevant in pondering the reason for the event. Finally, to inquire into the role of Carl Bildt, as member of the board of directors in the institution ultimately deciding, is interesting against the backdrop of his opposition against the participation of  Julian Assange and Edward Snowden in previous international events organized by the same institutions –all of them under the umbrella of the Swedish Foreign Office.

 

However, Sweden’s awarding a prize to this organization –called the  “murky Withe Helmets’ by Professor Jan Osberg– it might reveal a semi-concealed intervention in support of Hillary Clinton’s doctrine in the dirty war against Syria. In concrete, another means used by Sweden’s elites in uttering their view, and gathering support, for the No-Fly Zone campaign in Syria.

 

A main purpose of what I have called the Hillary Clinton doctrine in the Middle East is the ending –by violent means– of the secular governments in the region, to be replaced by fundamentalist dictatorships. That happened in Egypt, Libya, etc. Now it was Assad’s turn. A valuable testimony of both the origin and purpose of this stance by Clinton was given by US Senator Richard Black, who declared in video:

 

“Hillary Clinton, as secretary of state, put into place a series of actions to overthrow the secular governments in the Middle East and to replace them with radical Islamic regimes. Why she was doing this? I know she has great connections, financial and otherwise, with Saudi Arabia, with Qatar, with Kuwait, with tyrants of the Arab world”.

 

To these ends in Syria, the Swedish establishment has comprehensively supported the establishment of a No-Fly zone –precisely as advocated by Hillary Clinton. Beside illustrating Hillary Clinton’s stance on the No-Fly Zone issue, the video below shows also the risk of an all-out war against Russia and Syria, and what such measure would signify for the US Armed Forces (and others supporting the No-Fly Zone, such as the Swedish establishment).

 

 

 

 

 

It would be worth to mention in this context the participation of the “neutral and nonaligned” Swedish air Force in the No-Fly Zone operation masterminded by Hillary Clinton –the ultimate responsible for the bullets fired a close range against the head of the secular Libyan government, Omar Kaddafi, while he was held prisoner and immobilized. “We came, we saw, he died“, says Hillary Clinton on video, while she laughs.

 

Also, it should be reminded that the decision regarding the military participation of Sweden in Libya was taken at the Parliament after a proposition presented by Carl Bildt; a proposal that found uncontested support in ALL political parties of the Swedish political establishment, including the Left Party (the former ‘euro-communists’). Only the Sweden Democrats opposed.

 

For the Swedish rulers, as it was for Hillary Clinton, it is not about religion or ideology, or about an “idealistic” solidarity with refugees from the Syrian war (in fact most of those migrants are not ). It is only about money.

 

While those Sunni governments financially backed Clinton and the Clinton Foundation (mentioned in the above-quoted testimony by Senator Richard Black), the role of Sweden was to contribute either with direct public funds or with donations by important Swedish companies, such as Lundin Oil or Ericsson. In retribution, they got the kind of favours from Clinton’s State Department, which permitted further expansion of Swedish business in the area, such as  Ericsson. Meanwhile, the business of Sweden with Saudi Arabia, or Sweden’s arms export to the United Arab Emirates, continues unabated [See my recent articles in “The Indicter” and “Global Research”].

 

 

Another promoter for a No-Fly Zone in Syria is the organization “White Helmets”. Undoubtedly, there are in that organization, like in any of that kind,  true volunteer-individuals trying to do a humanitarian contribution. However, as organization at large, “White Helmets” is in fact another operation set up and financed by the same forces pressing for an escalation in the military conflict in Syria. In other words, the same factions that financed armed and trained the ‘moderate’ rebels –as the New York Times and the Washington Post call them (also called non-partisan media, also call them “moderate” terrorists, or “moderate jihadists”).

 

This organization has been boosted and financed by a number of State-donors, all of them implicated in the US-led (Clinton/Obama) political and/or military coalition aimed to depose the presidency of Assad in Syria. Most of these countries count with economic benefits in the planned oil-pipe construction designed to pass through Syria and that Assad opposed; the real cause of the war. For instance, Germany raised recently its financing to the “White Helmets” up to $7.85 million. Other examples of funding governments to this so-called “non-governmental organization”: The US government has contributed with $23 million; the UK government with $4.5 million.

 

 

One conclusion emerging in this analysis, considering also White Helmets own statements done previously in its home page, is that a main aim of its propaganda endeavour is bringing public opinion’s support to the ‘necessity of establishing a No-Fly Zone in Syria’. This is the geopolitical item that coincides with the one of Sweden’s political establishment pursuing a confrontation of “West” against Russia. And it is in this context where the Swedish award  to “White Helmets” should be understood.

 

The claims for a No-Fly Zone in Syria have been passed through standard psy-op  by the pro-Clinton corporate-owned press. This has been directed not only at American audiences, but also echoed among EU countries  viewed as potential proxies for the escalation of the Syria military conflict. Sweden is, historically considered, the primary government in Europe to react positively to such calls.

 

As Sweden now is giving its prestigious award to the White Helmets, the Swedish media has relentlessly reported in the most positive terms the deeds of the organization. None of the international reports denouncing a variety of manipulation techniques in constant use by the White Helmets has found space in the Swedish media. The image and video below shows how this is done.

 

 

 

 

 

 

The appeals by “White Helmets” are done by fabricating or drastically exaggerating news on ‘war atrocities’. Hence, the suggestion of demolishing ‘air raids’ directed at civilian populations is a favourite number, for instance, in videos uploaded in YouTube. In the videos I have seen, however, such attacks never appear; what we see instead, solely, are rooms filled with smoke, dust, etc., where same “patients” move constantly in the scene with or without anti-dust protection masks.

 

In the Swedish version of “Swedish Institute of International Affairs” that I have access to, I found that the largest single entity financing this ‘independent’ institution is ultimately the Swedish State.

 

Right now, as I am typing these lines, the Swedish Institute of International Affairs has removed its web page in English. There is a growing focus on that institution right now because of the Right Livelihood Prize to the White Helmets. So, one reason might be that they are ‘cleaning up’ the page. And they should.

November 11, 2015

Photos from Destroyed Neighborhoods in Syria

by mkleit

The following photos are not mine nor do I claim rights to them.

I have shared them in this post to show the amount of destruction caused by all sides of the Syrian crisis; regime, opposition, extremist groups, all are responsible for the chaos and disasters in Syria.

Syrian kid selling merchandises on a table in Der el Zour

Syrian kid selling merchandises on a table in Der el Zour

Syrian kid plays on tricycle in a besieged neighborhood by FSA in Homs

Syrian kid plays on tricycle in a besieged neighborhood by FSA in Homs

Syrian students playing in the courtyard of their school in rebel-controlled Idlib

Syrian students playing in the courtyard of their school in rebel-controlled Idlib

Girls playing in Homs

Girls playing in Homs

Children taking a walk in destroyed neighborhood of Douma, Damascus

Children taking a walk in destroyed neighborhood of Douma, Damascus

Young man riding by a bomb in Douma, Damascus

Young man riding by a bomb in Douma, Damascus

Kids swimming in a crater caused by bombing in Aleppo

Kids swimming in a crater caused by bombing in Aleppo

Girl holding a bag of licorice (unknown area)

Girl holding a bag of licorice (unknown area)

October 11, 2015

How The US Uses (Takfiri) Extremists

by mkleit

Source

ScreenHunter_1549-Apr.-20-16.42

Many doubts, questions, and dilemmas have arisen concerning the contradicting conduct of the West while dealing with extremist movements. The West exploited these movements in Afghanistan during the late 1970’s, opposed them in the Arabian Peninsula in the nineties, and then launched war against them in Afghanistan in 2001, and in Iraq after the invasion of 2003. However, in 2011, the West returned to taking advantage of these extremist groups and we are currently faced with a rather vague Western connection with Isis.

The reason behind the doubts and different points of view is that analyses are based on relatively rigid mental paradigms which fail to proceed in accordance with the flexibility and pragmatic segmentation of the cowboy mentality. On the other hand, the alignment of extremist groups in many instances with the West has induced powers which oppose these groups to accuse them of treacherous conduct.

This is accurate, but it is accomplished through the Western scheme of indirect control of these groups. This indirect control is due to the ideological and strategic disorder which extremist groups suffer from, and the disapproval which those in their infrastructure, supportive environment, and their mustering forces maintain toward any connection with the United States- let alone full alliance with America. This is what the inconstancies in relations from 1979 up until this day indicate.

Another factor which has spurned these doubts is the vehement self-defense which the “takfiris” display when they are accused of having connections with the United States or with any countries which adhere to America or revolve around it.

The examination of the course of this movement leads to a specific model which displays how the relation with Isis is controlled by Western powers with the United States at their head. This model is composed of three aspects:

1017178_501452883261086_558810

1) Commission 2) Steering 3) Restraint

Each one of these aspects forms a set of tools which The US select according to the time and condition they deem as most appropriate. They do not necessarily benefit from all of these aspects in a simultaneous manner.

1) Commission

This policy depends on assessing which geographical area is most suitable for the movement of extremist groups, but under the condition that these movements do not pose a threat on American interests and that they also provide a strategic advantage. This policy is fulfilled according to circumstances and through certain means which are chosen according to time and place. There are five essential means.

1) Ensuring geographical domains: Weakening a country’s control in the target region through commotions, political turmoil, political settlement, and national uprising – as was the case in Syria in 2011, and Mosul in 2014.

2) Securing logistical pathways: Ensuring roads for extremists to reach target regions whether these pathways are by land, sea, or air. They also provide visas and even means of transportation in order to reach the area of conflict. They used Egypt, Pakistan, and Yemen as transits during the war on Afghanistan in 1979, and Turkey and Jordan during the war on Syria in 2011

3) Allowing financial aid and armament: Giving approval to their allied powers which wish to support extremist groups with money and weapons whether directly or indirectly (through certain institutions and weapon dealers). Rationing and organizing financial aid is done according to the time which ensures the imposition of a strategic course upon extremist groups.

The United States might also resort to direct weapon provision in some cases of tactical exceptions, such as throwing weapons and equipment from the air to Isis fighters in Kobani more than five times, and presenting this act in the guise of “a mistake”.

4) Transport: Expelling extremists from the countries which are harmed by their presence or from countries which desire to take advantage of them.

5) Facilitating the work of preachers: Allowing extremist preachers to fulfill their activity of spreading extremist ideology and mobilizing “takfiris” in the areas of transference, at departure, and at arrival. Extremist preachers are also allowed to spread their views on satellite TV stations and through different media.

2) Steering

This policy is based upon exerting an effort in media, mobilization, and in the field of action in order to direct the strategic priority of extremist groups toward movement in a certain sphere only, to target a specific enemy, or even to change the strategic and tactical course at a certain stage. All of this is done according to circumstances, requirements, and capacity.

The United States is very active in this domain with the aid of its regional and international allies. It achieves its aim through nine principal means.

1) Specifying the “preferable enemy”: the US have created “stars” among the “takfiri” environment for their own purposes and interests. They shed light on commanders or convenient extremist factions through inserting them on the list of terrorism. They focus on them in the media and select them in a way in which their prominence on the political scene leads to regional and international political achievements. For example, at the beginning of the war on Iraq, Colin Powell proclaimed that the enemy of the United States was al-Zarqawi. The US media machine placed him under the spotlight in a way where he became a prominent figure on the scene, and the conflict considerably shifted to internal Iraqi strife.

This is what Israel did a few months ago when it imposed on Jabhat Nusra to assign certain commanders in charge of control of the positions along the Jolan Heights- under threat of military intervention.

2) Assassinating commanders: Targeting extremist leaders who pose a threat on American or Western national security, or leaders whose regional influence negatively affects the scheme of steering and exploiting. For example, assassinating Osama bin Laden, Ayman Al-‘Awlaqi, and most Qaeda commanders in Yemen.

3) Arabian and International Media: Delivering ideological and provocative concepts which aggravate extremist groups and urge them to head to a certain target region to fight the side which America chooses.

4) Saudi Arabian clerics: The Saudi Arabian religious institution is performing a central role through issuing fatwas which declare jihad in a target region.

5) Security Breaches: Recruiting, sending “Islamized” Western men to fight, the role of Arabian secret services, imprisonment, and attracting a supportive environment which is discontent with the conduct of the extremists. Prisons play a central role in recruiting commanders and prominent figures whether in an explicit or indirect way.

6) Taking command of conflicts: Handling the crisis in the target region in a way which achieves the goals of the United States, and preserving the controllable and exploitable extremist power through suspicious operations and different means of steering.

7) Causing a suitable environment of strife: Creating a setting of conflict in which the mustering forces of the extremist groups are presented as the targets, the oppressed, and the infringed upon – as in the case of Afghanistan and Syria.

8) Dividing the “takfiri” factions: Creating conflicts, tactical clashes in the field of combat, and producing a multiple set of goals and priorities through different means in order to prevent the formation of a unified power- as in the case of the clash between Isis and Jabhat Nusra in Syria.

9) Strategic Theorization: Presenting comprehensive strategic plans which represent the interest of the extremist scheme in the targeted geographical range. The security services infiltrates the Salafist jihadi virtual world and make their own Salafist websites, and in some cases they have the advantage of recruiting few ideologue under the coercion or persuasive instrument in the secret jails, those ideologue are capable of making the paradigm shift when needed.

3) Restraint

Takfiri factions strive to maintain their own agendas – in spite of the great influence of the United States and its agents – in order to preserve their rank among their mustering forces and political authorities. Western powers need to restrain takfiri groups in order to prevent them from crossing strategic or military limits, and they fulfill this through force or control of their incomes.

Regulation is based on six essential means:
1) Direct Confrontation: Carrying out direct military operations to strike at the critical takfiri forces or those which pose a threat, as in the case of Afghanistan in 2001 for example.

2) Limiting financial aid and armament: Monitoring the flow of money and weapons; the amount, type, and timing. They also uphold the limits which prevent the takfiris from becoming a threat while allowing them to act in a way which benefits the United States, as in the case of Syria since 2011.

3) Geographical Restraint: When necessary, the military forces of the United States or its allies fire at the posts where takfiris pose a current or future threat, as the coalition forces did when Isis fighters entered Irbil.

4) Providing a Geographical Substitute: If takfiri groups increase in number or if it becomes hard to control them or their actions, a new battlefield is provided which forms a vent for emotional and military zeal. The most prominent example is allowing Isis forces to engage in fighting in Mosul.

5) Steering through the Media: Provocations in the media contribute to maintaining military and political zeal to achieve the intended and previously specified goal. Thus, it becomes difficult for the leaders of takfiri factions to turn around on the intermediate range.

6) Assassinating Commanders: This was explained among the aforementioned means of steering. The best example on resorting to this course of action during operations of restraint is the assassination of Al-Zarqawi when the United States became suspicious that he had pledged allegiance to Bin Laden and that he had restored the struggle against America as his main priority.

terrorist Abu Mes'ab al Zarqawi

terrorist Abu Mes’ab al Zarqawi

Exemplification

The usage of these means was fulfilled in different circumstances and course of events. In Afghanistan in 1979, the United States had previously designated the course of events. The National Security Advisor to President Carter, Zbigniew Brzezinski, had formulated a plan to bring Islamists to Afghanistan, to lure the Soviets, and to trigger a long term exhaustive struggle between them.

The second example was after the eleventh of September when the United States resorted to means of restraint in the face of takfiri groups which had left Afghanistan in search of a range of movement. A clash of interests ensued and resulted in the war on Afghanistan in 2001 and the operation of complete security restraint in Saudi Arabia. Subsequently, the zeal of these takfiri groups was directed toward Iraq in 2003 under the banner of fighting America only to be steered toward internal strife.

After that, the great operation to engage in Syria commenced and it is still continuing. The takfiri factions had envisioned in their consciousness and political cognizance an old enterprise in that country. One of the results of this operation was the emergence of Isis whose military effort has been steered once again toward Iraq- in limited mutual interests which the United States has not allowed to cross their specified sphere. Now, Isis is heading toward targeting Saudi Arabia which induced the international coalition to strike it.

Art of the Possible

The United States, its allies, and its regional adherents have adopted this three dimensional policy. This is due to the deep hostility which Arabian and Islamic nations hold toward America, the inability of the US army to engage in the battlefield for military and economic reasons, and the steady growth of powers which oppose America and Israel. Thus, the need for substitute armies able to accomplish strategic and tactical missions arose.

The second reason is the difficulty in engaging in direct combat with takfiri groups which Bin Laden had been temporarily able to drive toward fighting the far enemy in the late nineties and the new millennium, and the need which arose after September eleventh to return these groups to their favorite ideology of targeting the near enemy and regional foes.

Thirdly, Western powers were most of the time in need for an excuse for military intervention. They were also in need of signing long-term agreements (in security, economics
) with the terrorist takfiris. This is why they enabled the takfiris to be present- in order to justify intervention as in the case of Iraq in 2003.

Fourth is the need of America and Western countries to import the takfiri individuals who are active on their soil and to get rid of them.

Regional allies have other concerns – the most important which is the need to vent the internal pressure which these takfiri movements of revolutionary quality pose, and to solve jurisprudential issues when dealing with takfiri groups which lessen their excommunicative speech against certain regimes when they find a suitable range of movement abroad.

On another level, Arabian and Islamic countries need to get rid of the organizational structures of the takfiris or to weaken them as much as possible through driving them toward areas of conflict and strategic ambushes, as Saudi Arabia did in 2003 when it imported its dilemma with Qaeda to Iraq and got rid of that great predicament. The final motive for countries which are involved in the strategy of indirect control has to do with the regional aspect- they make use of takfiri groups to accomplish political regional goals, as in the case of Syria since 2011.

The nature of the takfiri groups is the reason why they have a tendency to be under this strategy. They are hostile and excommunicate everyone, even one another. Thus, they are prone to be steered in any possible direction. Due to the intellectual and jurisprudential differences among takfiri groups, and the lack of a unified command and strategy, they have a tendency to be infiltrated and to be steered in different directions. They also suffer from great vulnerability in security and this has facilitated the endeavors to recruit agents and secret intelligence infiltration.

They are also faced with a major problem which is financial aid – they lack an independent Islamic country which provides them with the money they need. This is why they depend on countries which exclusively adhere to the United States such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, and Pakistan. On the other hand, due to the security and political pressure exerted on takfiri groups, they are usually in search of any available outlet- especially since their speech carries very ambitious goals in comparison with their ability and narrow range of movement.

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Courses of Action and Achievements

The main cases in this strategy are Afghanistan 1979, Iraq 2003, and Syria 2011. These cases have been generally successful in accomplishing their main goal which is transformation as much as possible of the threat which takfiri movements pose into a chance, and to take advantage of their blood-thirsty and destructive nature for the benefit of strategic US enterprises. They were successful in Afghanistan which the Soviets left, and they were successful in kindling sectarian and ethnic turmoil in Iraq in 2003. Currently, the United States has benefitted from these takfiri groups in Syria through destroying a great deal of the infrastructure of that country which is central in the allegiance of resistance. Israel has benefitted in creating an obstructive line on the border of the Jolan Heights which is formed of the Jabhat Nusra forces. In Iraq today, Isis represents a case which we wait to discover its outcomes and strategic courses.

On the long term, this strategy has been successful in shifting the military effort of takfiri groups away from directly targeting the West. In Afghanistan, the enemy was the Soviet Union, and in the period after that the targeting of American interests commenced up until the eleventh of September. Steering and indirect control were successful in Iraq in making American interests a secondary priority for takfiri groups in opposition to the priority of targeting other regional powers. As for Syria, American interests became completely distant from takfiri attacks, and Isis has almost fully eliminated attempts to target American interests. The main concern has become the geographical region- to establish the state of Isis, expand it, and to preserve its lands.

The profound and structural results show that America has been able to prevent takfiris from being active in regions where they pose threats on American interests. As a result of wide American domination, takfiri groups have not been able to move in an effective way which has influential political results anymore. They are only able to do so when there is no opposition to US interests which means where the US are at an advantage due to their presence. Thus, these takfiri groups – in an objective way- have become a part of the American scheme. With time they have avoided all regions vital to the United States and are active in less crucial areas.

July 20, 2015

Iraq crisis: How Saudi Arabia helped Isis take over the north of the country

by mkleit

Independent

How far is Saudi Arabia complicit in the Isis takeover of much of northern Iraq, and is it stoking an escalating Sunni-Shia conflict across the Islamic world? Some time before 9/11, Prince Bandar bin Sultan, once the powerful Saudi ambassador in Washington and head of Saudi intelligence until a few months ago, had a revealing and ominous conversation with the head of the British Secret Intelligence Service, MI6, Sir Richard Dearlove. Prince Bandar told him: “The time is not far off in the Middle East, Richard, when it will be literally ‘God help the Shia’. More than a billion Sunnis have simply had enough of them.”

The fatal moment predicted by Prince Bandar may now have come for many Shia, with Saudi Arabia playing an important role in bringing it about by supporting the anti-Shia jihad in Iraq and Syria. Since the capture of Mosul by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Isis) on 10 June, Shia women and children have been killed in villages south of Kirkuk, and Shia air force cadets machine-gunned and buried in mass graves near Tikrit.

In Mosul, Shia shrines and mosques have been blown up, and in the nearby Shia Turkoman city of Tal Afar 4,000 houses have been taken over by Isis fighters as “spoils of war”. Simply to be identified as Shia or a related sect, such as the Alawites, in Sunni rebel-held parts of Iraq and Syria today, has become as dangerous as being a Jew was in Nazi-controlled parts of Europe in 1940.

There is no doubt about the accuracy of the quote by Prince Bandar, secretary-general of the Saudi National Security Council from 2005 and head of General Intelligence between 2012 and 2014, the crucial two years when al-Qa’ida-type jihadis took over the Sunni-armed opposition in Iraq and Syria. Speaking at the Royal United Services Institute last week, Dearlove, who headed MI6 from 1999 to 2004, emphasised the significance of Prince Bandar’s words, saying that they constituted “a chilling comment that I remember very well indeed”.

He does not doubt that substantial and sustained funding from private donors in Saudi Arabia and Qatar, to which the authorities may have turned a blind eye, has played a central role in the Isis surge into Sunni areas of Iraq. He said: “Such things simply do not happen spontaneously.” This sounds realistic since the tribal and communal leadership in Sunni majority provinces is much beholden to Saudi and Gulf paymasters, and would be unlikely to cooperate with Isis without their consent.

Prince Bandar bin Sultan

Prince Bandar bin Sultan

Dearlove’s explosive revelation about the prediction of a day of reckoning for the Shia by Prince Bandar, and the former head of MI6’s view that Saudi Arabia is involved in the Isis-led Sunni rebellion, has attracted surprisingly little attention. Coverage of Dearlove’s speech focused instead on his main theme that the threat from Isis to the West is being exaggerated because, unlike Bin Laden’s al-Qa’ida, it is absorbed in a new conflict that “is essentially Muslim on Muslim”. Unfortunately, Christians in areas captured by Isis are finding this is not true, as their churches are desecrated and they are forced to flee. A difference between al-Qa’ida and Isis is that the latter is much better organised; if it does attack Western targets the results are likely to be devastating.

The forecast by Prince Bandar, who was at the heart of Saudi security policy for more than three decades, that the 100 million Shia in the Middle East face disaster at the hands of the Sunni majority, will convince many Shia that they are the victims of a Saudi-led campaign to crush them. “The Shia in general are getting very frightened after what happened in northern Iraq,” said an Iraqi commentator, who did not want his name published. Shia see the threat as not only military but stemming from the expanded influence over mainstream Sunni Islam of Wahhabism, the puritanical and intolerant version of Islam espoused by Saudi Arabia that condemns Shia and other Islamic sects as non-Muslim apostates and polytheists.

Dearlove says that he has no inside knowledge obtained since he retired as head of MI6 10 years ago to become Master of Pembroke College in Cambridge. But, drawing on past experience, he sees Saudi strategic thinking as being shaped by two deep-seated beliefs or attitudes. First, they are convinced that there “can be no legitimate or admissible challenge to the Islamic purity of their Wahhabi credentials as guardians of Islam’s holiest shrines”. But, perhaps more significantly given the deepening Sunni-Shia confrontation, the Saudi belief that they possess a monopoly of Islamic truth leads them to be “deeply attracted towards any militancy which can effectively challenge Shia-dom”.

Western governments traditionally play down the connection between Saudi Arabia and its Wahhabist faith, on the one hand, and jihadism, whether of the variety espoused by Osama bin Laden and al-Qa’ida or by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi’s Isis. There is nothing conspiratorial or secret about these links: 15 out of 19 of the 9/11 hijackers were Saudis, as was Bin Laden and most of the private donors who funded the operation.

Sir Richard Dearlove

Sir Richard Dearlove

But there has always been a second theme to Saudi policy towards al-Qa’ida type jihadis, contradicting Prince Bandar’s approach and seeing jihadis as a mortal threat to the Kingdom. Dearlove illustrates this attitude by relating how, soon after 9/11, he visited the Saudi capital Riyadh with Tony Blair.

He remembers the then head of Saudi General Intelligence “literally shouting at me across his office: ‘9/11 is a mere pinprick on the West. In the medium term, it is nothing more than a series of personal tragedies. What these terrorists want is to destroy the House of Saud and remake the Middle East.'” In the event, Saudi Arabia adopted both policies, encouraging the jihadis as a useful tool of Saudi anti-Shia influence abroad but suppressing them at home as a threat to the status quo. It is this dual policy that has fallen apart over the last year.

Saudi sympathy for anti-Shia “militancy” is identified in leaked US official documents. The then US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton wrote in December 2009 in a cable released by Wikileaks that “Saudi Arabia remains a critical financial support base for al-Qa’ida, the Taliban, LeT [Lashkar-e-Taiba in Pakistan] and other terrorist groups.” She said that, in so far as Saudi Arabia did act against al-Qa’ida, it was as a domestic threat and not because of its activities abroad. This policy may now be changing with the dismissal of Prince Bandar as head of intelligence this year. But the change is very recent, still ambivalent and may be too late: it was only last week that a Saudi prince said he would no longer fund a satellite television station notorious for its anti-Shia bias based in Egypt.

The Sunni Ahmed al-Rifai shrine near Tal Afar is bulldozed

The Sunni Ahmed al-Rifai shrine near Tal Afar is bulldozed

The problem for the Saudis is that their attempts since Bandar lost his job to create an anti-Maliki and anti-Assad Sunni constituency which is simultaneously against al-Qa’ida and its clones have failed.

By seeking to weaken Maliki and Assad in the interest of a more moderate Sunni faction, Saudi Arabia and its allies are in practice playing into the hands of Isis which is swiftly gaining full control of the Sunni opposition in Syria and Iraq. In Mosul, as happened previously in its Syrian capital Raqqa, potential critics and opponents are disarmed, forced to swear allegiance to the new caliphate and killed if they resist.

The West may have to pay a price for its alliance with Saudi Arabia and the Gulf monarchies, which have always found Sunni jihadism more attractive than democracy. A striking example of double standards by the western powers was the Saudi-backed suppression of peaceful democratic protests by the Shia majority in Bahrain in March 2011. Some 1,500 Saudi troops were sent across the causeway to the island kingdom as the demonstrations were ended with great brutality and Shia mosques and shrines were destroyed.

An alibi used by the US and Britain is that the Sunni al-Khalifa royal family in Bahrain is pursuing dialogue and reform. But this excuse looked thin last week as Bahrain expelled a top US diplomat, the assistant secretary of state for human rights Tom Malinowksi, for meeting leaders of the main Shia opposition party al-Wifaq. Mr Malinowski tweeted that the Bahrain government’s action was “not about me but about undermining dialogue”.

Iraqi leader al-Maliki

Iraqi leader al-Maliki

Western powers and their regional allies have largely escaped criticism for their role in reigniting the war in Iraq. Publicly and privately, they have blamed the Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki for persecuting and marginalising the Sunni minority, so provoking them into supporting the Isis-led revolt. There is much truth in this, but it is by no means the whole story. Maliki did enough to enrage the Sunni, partly because he wanted to frighten Shia voters into supporting him in the 30 April election by claiming to be the Shia community’s protector against Sunni counter-revolution.

But for all his gargantuan mistakes, Maliki’s failings are not the reason why the Iraqi state is disintegrating. What destabilised Iraq from 2011 on was the revolt of the Sunni in Syria and the takeover of that revolt by jihadis, who were often sponsored by donors in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates. Again and again Iraqi politicians warned that by not seeking to close down the civil war in Syria, Western leaders were making it inevitable that the conflict in Iraq would restart. “I guess they just didn’t believe us and were fixated on getting rid of [President Bashar al-] Assad,” said an Iraqi leader in Baghdad last week.

Of course, US and British politicians and diplomats would argue that they were in no position to bring an end to the Syrian conflict. But this is misleading. By insisting that peace negotiations must be about the departure of Assad from power, something that was never going to happen since Assad held most of the cities in the country and his troops were advancing, the US and Britain made sure the war would continue.

The chief beneficiary is Isis which over the last two weeks has been mopping up the last opposition to its rule in eastern Syria. The Kurds in the north and the official al-Qa’ida representative, Jabhat al-Nusra, are faltering under the impact of Isis forces high in morale and using tanks and artillery captured from the Iraqi army. It is also, without the rest of the world taking notice, taking over many of the Syrian oil wells that it did not already control.

The Shia Al-Qubba Husseiniya mosque in Mosul explodes

The Shia Al-Qubba Husseiniya mosque in Mosul explodes

Saudi Arabia has created a Frankenstein’s monster over which it is rapidly losing control. The same is true of its allies such as Turkey which has been a vital back-base for Isis and Jabhat al-Nusra by keeping the 510-mile-long Turkish-Syrian border open. As Kurdish-held border crossings fall to Isis, Turkey will find it has a new neighbour of extraordinary violence, and one deeply ungrateful for past favours from the Turkish intelligence service.

As for Saudi Arabia, it may come to regret its support for the Sunni revolts in Syria and Iraq as jihadi social media begins to speak of the House of Saud as its next target. It is the unnamed head of Saudi General Intelligence quoted by Dearlove after 9/11 who is turning out to have analysed the potential threat to Saudi Arabia correctly and not Prince Bandar, which may explain why the latter was sacked earlier this year.

Nor is this the only point on which Prince Bandar was dangerously mistaken. The rise of Isis is bad news for the Shia of Iraq but it is worse news for the Sunni whose leadership has been ceded to a pathologically bloodthirsty and intolerant movement, a sort of Islamic Khmer Rouge, which has no aim but war without end.

The Sunni caliphate rules a large, impoverished and isolated area from which people are fleeing. Several million Sunni in and around Baghdad are vulnerable to attack and 255 Sunni prisoners have already been massacred. In the long term, Isis cannot win, but its mix of fanaticism and good organisation makes it difficult to dislodge.

“God help the Shia,” said Prince Bandar, but, partly thanks to him, the shattered Sunni communities of Iraq and Syria may need divine help even more than the Shia.

June 15, 2015

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by mkleit

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Űčۯۧ Űčن Ű§Ù„ŰŻŰčم Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù‚Ű·Ű±ÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰ±ÙƒÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ†ÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰłŰ±Ű§ŰŠÙŠÙ„ÙŠ Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ű­ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰŒ ÙƒŰŽÙŰȘ Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ© Â«ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ŰšÙˆŰłŰȘ» ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù€Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű§ÙŠÙ‡Â» ŰȘÙ†ÙŰ° ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‹ Ù„ŰŻŰčم Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰȘلي Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰšÙ‡Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰšÙŠŰ©Â» كلفŰȘه Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹

Ù„ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© (ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű§ÙŠÙ‡) ŰŹÙŠŰŽ ÙŠŰ¶Ù… ŰąÙ„Ű§Ù Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰȘلين Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčŰ§Ű±Ű¶ÙŠÙ† في ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§. ÙˆÙ‡Ű€Ù„Ű§ŰĄ ÙŠÙ‚Ű§ŰȘلون في Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠ ŰšŰŽÙƒÙ„ ŰźŰ§Ű”ŰŒ وŰȘŰȘولى Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© ŰȘŰŻŰ±ÙŠŰšÙ‡Ù… وŰȘŰłÙ„ÙŠŰ­Ù‡Ù… وŰȘŰČÙˆÙŠŰŻÙ‡Ù… ŰšŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰčÙ„ÙˆÙ…Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙŠŰŻŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ©. Ù…Ű§ ŰłŰšÙ‚ Ù„ÙŠŰł ۧŰȘÙ‡Ű§Ù…Ű§Ù‹ ŰŁŰ·Ù„Ù‚Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙ… في ŰŻÙ…ŰŽÙ‚ Űčلى مŰčŰ§Ű±Ű¶ÙŠÙ‡ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ÙŠŰ”Ù†ÙÙ‡Ù… Ű§Ù„Űș۱ۚ ŰšÙ€Â»Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčŰȘŰŻÙ„ÙŠÙ†Â»ŰŒ ŰšÙ„ ÙˆÙ‚Ű§ŰŠŰč ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ Ù…ŰŻŰ§Ű± ۭۚ۫ Űčلى Ű·Ű§ÙˆÙ„Ű§ŰȘ Ű”Ù†Űč Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű± في Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆÙƒŰŽÙŰȘÙ‡Ű§ Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ© Â«ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ŰšÙˆŰłŰȘ» ŰŁÙˆÙ„ من ŰŁÙ…Űł.

ŰȘمويل وŰȘŰłÙ„ÙŠŰ­ وŰȘŰŻŰ±ÙŠŰš ŰšÙƒÙ„ÙŰ© Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙŠŰ°Ù‡Űš ŰŹÙ„Ù‘Ù‡Ű§ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰȘلي Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰšÙ‡Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰšÙŠŰ© في Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙŠŰŽ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±Â». Ű§Ù„ŰłŰźŰ§ŰĄ Ù„ÙŠŰł Ű­ÙƒŰ±Ű§Ù‹ Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠÙŠÙ†ŰŒ ŰšÙ„ Ű„Ù†Ù‡ ŰŹŰČŰĄ من ŰȘŰčŰ§ÙˆÙ† ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ ــ ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠ ــ Ù‚Ű·Ű±ÙŠ ــ ŰȘŰ±ÙƒÙŠ. ÙˆŰ„Ű°Ű§ Ù…Ű§ Ù‚ÙŠŰł Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ű± Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ§ŰšÙ‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† ÙˆÙ†ÙŠÙƒŰ§Ű±Ű§ŰșÙˆŰ§ وŰșÙŠŰ±Ù‡Ű§ من Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰšÙ†ŰȘ ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ ŰŹÙŠÙˆŰŽŰ§Ù‹ من Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ŰȘŰČÙ‚Ű©ŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© ŰȘۣ۟۰ Űčلى ŰčۧŰȘÙ‚Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰČŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ”Űș۱ من Ű§Ù„Ű„Ù†ÙŰ§Ù‚ وŰȘŰŹŰčل Ű­Ù„ÙŰ§ŰĄÙ‡Ű§ يŰȘولون Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű”Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙƒŰšŰ± من Ű§Ù„ÙƒÙ„ÙŰ©ŰŒ يمكن ŰȘوقŰč Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšŰ§Ù„Űș Ű§Ù„ŰźÙŠŰ§Ù„ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘنفق ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ في Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠ. ويمكن ŰŁÙŠŰ¶Ű§Ù‹ ŰȘŰźÙŠÙ‘Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ù‚ŰŻŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù‡Ű§ŰŠÙ„ من Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙˆŰ§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ÙŠÙŰŻÙŰč Ù„Ű„Ű±Ű§Ù‚Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙ… ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰŻÙ…ÙŠŰ± في Űčموم ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§ŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« Ù„Ű§ ŰȘكف Ű§Ù„Ù…Űčۧ۱۶۩ Ù…Ù†Ű° ۣ۱ۚŰč ŰłÙ†ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ Űčن Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙƒÙˆÙ‰ من Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ­ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù†Ù‚Ű” في Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű°ŰźÙŠŰ±Ű©ŰŒ وŰȘŰČŰčم ŰŁÙ†Ù‡Ű§ مŰȘŰ±ÙˆÙƒŰ© لŰȘÙˆŰ§ŰŹÙ‡ ÙˆŰ­ÙŠŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù†ŰžŰ§Ù… ÙˆŰ­Ù„ÙŰ§ŰĄÙ‡.

ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű§ÙŠÙ‡Â» Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ÙƒŰŽÙŰȘ Űčنه Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰšÙˆŰłŰȘ» هو من ŰšÙŠÙ† ŰŁÙƒŰšŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ±Ű§Ù…ŰŹ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘÙ†ÙŰ°Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© في Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰŒ ۭۚ۳ۚ Ű§Ù„Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي Ù‚Ű§Ù„ŰȘ Ű„Ù† كلفŰȘه ŰȘŰŽÙƒÙ„ Ù†ŰłŰšŰ© «1 من 15» من Ű„ŰŹÙ…Ű§Ù„ Ű„Ù†ÙŰ§Ù‚ Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹. ÙˆÙ‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹŰŒ ۭۚ۳ۚ Ù…ŰłŰ€ÙˆÙ„ÙŠÙ† في Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ ÙˆŰ±ŰŹŰ§Ù„ ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłŰ© ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠÙŠÙ† Ù‚Ű§ŰšÙ„ŰȘهم Ű§Ù„Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ©ŰŒ ÙŠÙ†Ű” Űčلى ŰȘŰŻŰ±ÙŠŰš Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰȘلين وŰȘŰłÙ„ÙŠŰ­Ù‡Ù…ŰŒ وŰȘŰČÙˆÙŠŰŻÙ‡Ù… ŰšŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰčۯۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù„ÙˆŰŹŰłŰȘÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆŰŹÙ…Űč Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčÙ„ÙˆÙ…Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ÙŠŰ­ŰȘŰ§ŰŹÙˆÙ†Ù‡Ű§ في مŰčŰ§Ű±ÙƒÙ‡Ù…ŰŒ ÙˆŰ„ÙŠŰ”Ű§Ù„Ù‡Ù… مŰč Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰ­ŰȘŰ§ŰŹÙˆÙ†Ù‡ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±Ű§Ű¶ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ©.

ŰčÙ†Ű”Ű± من Ű§Ù„Ù…Űčۧ۱۶۩ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ© مŰč Ű”Ű§Ű±ÙˆŰź ŰȘŰ§Ùˆ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ű±ÙŠÙƒÙŠ

هو Ű„Ű°Ű§Ù‹ ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠ «مŰȘÙƒŰ§Ù…Ù„Â»ŰŒ ÙŠŰ¶Ù…Ù† ŰšÙ†Ű§ŰĄ ŰŹÙŠŰŽ ŰȘۧۚŰč Ù„Ù€Â»ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â»ŰŒ Űčلى ŰŽŰ§ÙƒÙ„Ű© Ù…Ű§ Ù‚Ű§Ù…ŰȘ ŰšÙ‡ Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© ŰčÙŠÙ†Ù‡Ű§ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† ÙˆÙ†ÙŠÙƒŰ§Ű±Ű§ŰșÙˆŰ§ في Ű«Ù…Ű§Ù†ÙŠÙ†ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ű¶ÙŠ. Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰČŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙƒŰšŰ± من Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ ÙŠŰŹŰ±ÙŠ ŰȘÙ†ÙÙŠŰ°Ù‡ Ű§Ù†Ű·Ù„Ű§Ù‚Ű§Ù‹ من Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ†ŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« ŰŻŰ±Ù‘ŰšŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© 10 ŰąÙ„Ű§Ù Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰȘل Ű­ŰȘى Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ…ŰŒ ۭۚ۳ۚ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ Ù†ŰŽŰ±ŰȘه Â«ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ŰšÙˆŰłŰȘ» Űčلى ۱ۣ۳ Ű”ÙŰ­ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰšŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ű¶ÙŠ. Ù…ŰšÙ„Űș Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ۭۚ۳ۚ Ù…ŰłŰ€ÙˆÙ„ÙŠÙ† ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠÙŠÙ†ŰŒ هو ŰŹŰČŰĄ من Ù…ŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰč ŰŁÙƒŰšŰ± ŰȘŰšÙ„Űș كلفŰȘه Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű±Ű§ŰȘی وŰȘŰłŰ§Ù‡Ù… فيه Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŹŰ§Ù†Űš Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ©ŰŒ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ÙˆÙ‚Ű·Ű± وŰȘŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ§. ويŰȘŰ±ÙƒŰČ Űčمل Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ في Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰŒ Ù„ŰŻŰčم Ù…Ű§ ÙŠÙŰłÙ…Ù‰ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰšÙ‡Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰšÙŠŰ© في Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙŠŰŽ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±Â». ÙˆŰŁŰŹŰ±Ù‰ ÙƒŰ§ŰȘۚۧ ŰȘÙ‚Ű±ÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰšÙˆŰłŰȘ» ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ© Ű­ŰłŰ§ŰšÙŠŰ© ŰšŰłÙŠŰ·Ű© ۧ۳ŰȘنŰȘۏۧ ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ŰŁÙ† ÙƒÙ„ÙŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰȘل Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰŻ ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ŰȘŰšÙ„Űș 100 ŰŁÙ„Ù ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ!  Ű§Ù„ÙƒŰŽÙ Űčن Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ© Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘÙˆŰ§Ű”Ù„Ű© Ù…Ù†Ű° ŰčŰ§Ù… 2013Â»ŰŒ ŰŁŰȘى Űčلى ŰźÙ„ÙÙŠŰ© Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű± ۣ۔ۯ۱ŰȘه ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰŹÙ…Ű§Űč Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ في Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙˆŰ§Űš Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰŒ Ù‚Ű¶Ù‰ ŰšŰźÙŰ¶ ميŰČŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» في ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§ ŰšÙ†ŰłŰšŰ© 20 في Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŠŰ©. لكن Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű± لن يكون Ù†Ű§ÙŰ°Ű§Ù‹ Ű„Ù„Ű§ ŰšŰčŰŻ ŰłÙ„ŰłÙ„Ű© Ű·ÙˆÙŠÙ„Ű© من Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰŹŰ±Ű§ŰĄŰ§ŰȘی ŰšÙŠÙ†Ù‡Ű§ ŰȘŰ”ÙˆÙŠŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Űčليه Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰłŰšÙˆŰč Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰ§Ű±ÙŠ. ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ŰŁÙ† ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű± ۭۚۧۏ۩ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰȘŰšÙ†ÙŠÙ‡ من Ù‚ÙŰšÙ„ Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙŠÙˆŰź ÙˆÙ„ŰŹÙ†Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű”Ű© ŰšÙ‡ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰłŰȘۚۯۣ ۯ۱۳ ميŰČŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ù‚ŰšÙ„ Ù†Ù‡Ű§ÙŠŰ© Ű­ŰČÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù†. ÙˆŰšŰ­ŰłŰš Ű§Ù„Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ©ŰŒ ÙŰ„Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŠŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰšÙŠŰ¶ ŰłÙŠŰšŰ§ŰŽŰ± ۧŰȘŰ”Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘه ŰšÙ…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙŠÙˆŰź لŰȘŰŹÙ†ÙŠŰš ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© ŰźÙŰ¶ ميŰČŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ ŰčÙ…Ù„Ù‡Ű§ في ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ŰȘŰšÙ†ŰȘه Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ في Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙˆŰ§Űš.

ÙƒŰšÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙˆŰ§Űš Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŠÙ…ÙˆÙ‚Ű±Ű§Ű·ÙŠÙŠÙ† في Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ ŰąŰŻÙ… ŰŽÙŠÙ Ù‚Ű§Ù„ Ù„Ù„Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ© Ű„Ù† Ù…Ù…Ű«Ù„ÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű­ŰČŰšÙŠÙ† (Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŠÙ…ÙˆÙ‚Ű±Ű§Ű·ÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŹÙ…Ù‡ÙˆŰ±ÙŠ) Ù…ŰŹÙ…Űčون Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ù„Ù‚ Ű­ÙŠŰ§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۱ۧŰȘÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© في ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§. Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ù„Ù‚ŰŒ Űčلى Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰšŰŻÙˆ Ù…Ù…Ű§ Ù†ŰŽŰ±ŰȘه Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ…ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ©ŰŒ مŰȘÙ…Ű­ÙˆŰ± Ű­ÙˆÙ„ Ù†ŰžŰ±Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰłŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠÙŠÙ† ÙˆŰŻÙˆŰ§ŰŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰŹŰ±ÙŠ في Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙŠŰŻŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠ. ÙŰšŰ­ŰłŰš ŰȘÙ‚Ű±ÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ű”Ű­ÙŠÙŰ©ŰŒ Ű­ŰȘى Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŻŰ§ÙŰčون Űčن ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ Űčمل Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» ÙŠÙ‚Ű±Ù‘ÙˆÙ† ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰŁŰŻŰ§ŰĄ Ű§Ù„Ű¶Űčيف Ù„Ù„ÙŰ”Ű§ŰŠÙ„ Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčŰȘŰŻÙ„Ű©Â»ŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰŁÙ†Ù‡Ű§ ŰłŰȘهŰČم في ŰŁÙŠ مŰčŰ±ÙƒŰ© Ű­Ű§ŰłÙ…Ű© مŰč «ۯۧŰčێ». موقف ŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± «۔۱ۭۧ۩» في Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§Ù‚ نقلŰȘه Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰšÙˆŰłŰȘ» Űčن ŰŁŰ­ŰŻ ÙƒŰšŰ§Ű± Ù…ŰłŰ§ŰčŰŻÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ…Ù‡ÙˆŰ±ÙŠÙŠÙ† في Ű§Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙ†ŰșŰ±ŰłŰŒ Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹ Ű„Ù† ŰȘ۱ۧۏŰč Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù†ŰžŰ§Ù… في ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§ Â«Ù„ÙŠŰł نŰȘÙŠŰŹŰ© Űčمل من ÙŠŰłÙ…Ù‘ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčŰȘŰŻÙ„ÙŠÙ†Â». ŰŁÙ…Ű§ ŰŽÙŠÙŰŒ ÙÙ‚Ű§Ù„: Â«Ù„Ù„ŰŁŰłÙŰŒ ŰŁŰčŰȘÙ‚ŰŻ ŰŁÙ† «ۯۧŰčێ» ÙˆÂ»Ű§Ù„Ù†Ű”Ű±Ű©Â» ÙˆŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„ÙŰ”Ű§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ·Ű±ÙŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ هم في ŰŁÙŰ¶Ù„ موقŰč Ù„Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘŰ«Ù…Ű§Ű± في Ű§Ù„ÙÙˆŰ¶Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي يمكن ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ±Ű§ÙÙ‚ Ű§Ù†Ű­ŰŻŰ§Ű±Ű§Ù‹ ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰčŰ§Ù‹ Ù„Ù„Ù†ŰžŰ§Ù…Â».

وينقل ÙƒŰ§ŰȘۚۧ Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ‚Ű±ÙŠŰ± Űčن Ù…ŰłŰ€ÙˆÙ„ÙŠÙ† قولهم Ű„Ù† Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ŰŹŰ© Ù…ŰłŰȘÙ†ŰŻŰ© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰčŰŻÙ… Ù‚ŰŻŰ±Ű© ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© Űčلى Â«Ű„ŰžÙ‡Ű§Ű± ŰŁÙ† Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ ŰłÙŠŰ·Ű±ŰȘ Űčلى ŰŁŰ±Ű§Ű¶Ù ŰŁÙˆ ۱ۭۚŰȘ مŰčŰ§Ű±Ùƒ ŰŁÙˆ Ű­Ù‚Ù‚ŰȘ نŰȘۧۊۏ Ù…Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰłŰ©Â».

في Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰšÙ„ŰŒ ÙŠŰŻŰ§ÙŰč ۯۧŰčمو Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ±Ù†Ű§Ù…ŰŹ Űčن Ű±ŰŹŰ§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ù€Â»ŰłÙŠ ŰŁÙŠ Ű§ÙŠÙ‡Â» في Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙŠŰŻŰ§Ù†ŰŒ Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ„ÙŠÙ† Ű„Ù†Ù‡Ù… Â«ÙŠŰ­Ű§Ű”Ű±ÙˆÙ† Ù‚Ű§ŰčŰŻŰ© Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙŠŰŽ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠÂ»ŰŒ ÙÙŠÙ…Ű§ ÙŠŰ€ÙƒŰŻ ŰąŰźŰ±ÙˆÙ† ŰŁÙ†Ù‡Ù… ŰȘÙ…ÙƒÙ†ÙˆŰ§ من Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ·Ű±Ű© Űčلى ŰčŰŻŰŻ من Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰčŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰłÙŠŰ© Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙŠŰŽ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠ ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰš ŰŻÙ…ŰŽÙ‚.

January 15, 2015

12 > 2000: Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙˆÙ† هم Ű§Ù„Ű¶Ű­ÙŠŰ©

by mkleit

Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű«Ù…ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† Ù‡Ű§ŰŹÙ…ÙˆŰ§ Ù…ŰšÙ†Ù‰ Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© ŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±Ù„ÙŠ Ű„ÙŠŰšŰŻÙˆ

ÙƒŰ§Ù† Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…Ùˆ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„Ű¶Ű­ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙƒŰšŰ± ŰšŰčŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŹÙˆÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ۧ۳ŰȘÙ‡ŰŻÙ Ù…Ù‚Ű± Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰźŰ±Ű© “ŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±Ù„ÙŠ Ű„ÙŠŰšŰŻÙˆ” ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘي ۣ۶ۭŰȘ ŰšÙŠÙ† Ù„ÙŠÙ„Ű© ÙˆŰ¶Ű­Ű§Ù‡Ű§ ŰŁŰŽÙ‡Ű± Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© في Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù…, ÙˆŰŁŰŹŰšŰ±ŰȘ كل من لم ÙŠŰłÙ…Űč ŰšÙ‡Ű§ Űčلى ŰŁÙ† ÙŠÙ‡Ű±Űč Ù„Ù„ŰšŰ­Ű« Űčن ŰŁÙŠ مŰčÙ„ÙˆÙ…Ű© ŰȘŰčŰ±ÙÙ‘Ù‡ Űčن Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰźŰ±Ű© ŰšŰčŰŻ مقŰȘل ŰčŰŻŰŻ من Ű”Ű­ÙÙŠÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆŰ±ŰłŰ§Ù…ÙŠÙ‡Ű§ من Ù‚ÙŰšÙ„ Ù…Ù„Ű«Ù…ÙŠÙ†. ÙˆŰšŰ§Ù„Ű±Űșم من ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…Ű© Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłÙŠŰ© لم ŰȘÙˆŰŹÙ‡ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘÙ‡Ű§Ù… Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŁÙŠ ŰŹÙ‡Ű©, ÙÙ‚ŰŻ ۟۱ۏŰȘ Ù…Ű”Ű§ŰŻŰ± Ű”Ű­Ű§ÙÙŠŰ© Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ„Ű© Ű„Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ű­ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† Ù‡Ű§ŰŹÙ…Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰźŰ±Ű© يŰȘŰšŰčŰ§Ù† لŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… “Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§ŰčŰŻŰ© في Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰČÙŠŰ±Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠŰ©”. وŰȘÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰŻŰ§Ù†Ű§ŰȘ ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù…ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« ÙƒŰ§Ù† ŰŁÙˆÙ„Ù‡Ű§ من وŰČÙŠŰ± ŰźŰ§Ű±ŰŹÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© ŰŹÙˆÙ† ÙƒÙŠŰ±ÙŠ ŰšŰčŰŻ Ù†Ű­Ùˆ ۳ۧŰčŰ© من Ű­ŰŻÙˆŰ« Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŹÙˆÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠŰŒ وŰȘÙ„Ű§Ù‡ Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰČ۱ۧۥ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰ·Ű§Ù†ÙŠ ŰŻŰ§ÙŠÙÙŠŰŻ ÙƒŰ§Ù…ÙŠŰ±ÙˆÙ† وŰșÙŠŰ±Ù‡ من Ù‚Ű§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù….

ÙˆŰšŰčÙŠŰŻŰ§Ù‹ Űčن ۣۭۯۧ۫ ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙ…ÙˆÙŠŰ©ŰŒ وفي Ù‚Ű±ÙŠŰ© Ù„Ű§ ۚ۱ۏ Ű„ÙŠÙÙ„ ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆÙ„Ű§ ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠŰ© مهŰȘÙ…Ű© ŰšÙ‡Ű§, Ù‡Ű§ŰŹÙ… Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠ “ŰšÙˆÙƒÙˆ Ű­Ű±Ű§Ù…” Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠ Ù‚Ű±ÙŠŰ© ۚۧŰșۧ (Baga) ÙˆÙ‚Ű±Ù‰ Ű”ŰșŰ±Ù‰ Ù…Ű­ÙŠŰ·Ű© ŰšÙ‡Ű§, ŰšŰčŰŻ ŰŁÙ† Ù‚Ű§Ù…ÙˆŰ§ ŰšŰ­Ű±Ù‚ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù†Ű§ŰČل وقŰȘل كل من Ű­Ű§ÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ”ÙˆÙ„ Ű„Ù„ÙŠÙ‡Ű§. ÙˆÙ‚ŰŻÙ‘Ű±ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű¶Ű­Ű§ÙŠŰ§ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰŽŰ±ÙŠŰ© ŰšÙ†Ű­Ùˆ ŰŁÙ„ÙÙŠ ŰŽŰźŰ”ŰŒ ŰŹÙ„Ù‘Ù‡Ù… من Ű§Ù„Ù†ŰłŰ§ŰĄ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŁŰ·ÙŰ§Ù„ ÙˆÙƒŰšŰ§Ű± Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ† ممن لم ŰȘŰłÙ†Ű­ لهم Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ű”Ű© ŰšŰ§Ù„ÙŰ±Ű§Ű± كŰșÙŠŰ±Ù‡Ù… من Ű§Ù„ÙŰ§Ű±ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ÙˆŰ”Ù„ ŰčŰŻŰŻÙ‡Ù… Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù†Ű­Ùˆ 7500.

لم ŰȘŰŹŰŻ ۚۧŰșۧ ŰŁÙ‚Ù„ ŰŁÙ†ÙˆŰ§Űč Ű§Ù„ŰŻŰčم ولو “مŰčÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹” ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ÙˆŰŹŰŻŰȘه ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰłŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« ۭۧŰȘŰŽŰŻ ŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± من Ű«Ù„Ű§Ű«Ű© Ù…Ù„Ű§ÙŠÙŠÙ† ŰšÙŠÙ† ŰČŰčÙ…Ű§ŰĄ ÙˆÙ…ŰŽŰ§Ù‡ÙŠŰ± وŰșÙŠŰ±Ù‡Ù… من Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰ§Ű·Ù†ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłÙŠÙŠÙ† في Ù…ŰłÙŠŰ±Ű© ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰŻŰ© ۳ۧ۱ŰȘ في ŰŽÙˆŰ§Ű±Űč ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ†ÙŠÙ‚Ű©, Ű¶Ù…Ù† ۭ۱ۧ۳۩ ŰŁÙ…Ù†ÙŠŰ© Ù…ŰŽŰŻŰŻŰ© Ù„Ű§ ŰźÙˆÙ Űčليهم ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ من Ű§Ù„ŰșۧŰČۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙŠÙ„Ű© Ù„Ù„ŰŻÙ…ÙˆŰč ŰŁÙˆ Ű§Ù„Ű±Ű”Ű§Ű” Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű·Ű§Ű·ÙŠ ÙƒÙ…Ű§ هو Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű§Ù„ مŰč Ù…ÙˆŰ§Ű·Ù†ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù„Ű« في كل Ù…Ű±Ű© ÙŠŰźŰ±ŰŹÙˆÙ† ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ Ù…Ű·Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŠÙ† ŰšŰ­Ù‚ÙˆÙ‚Ù‡Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙ†ÙŠŰ§ ŰŁŰŻÙ†Ù‰ في Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙŠŰ§Ű©. ÙˆÙ„Ű±ŰšÙ…Ű§ في ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰčŰŻŰŻ 12 يفوق Ű§Ù„ŰčŰŻŰŻ 2000ی ÙˆŰšŰ§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ” Ű­ÙŠÙ† ŰȘŰ­Ű”Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§Ű±Ù†Ű© Ù…Ű§ ŰšÙŠÙ† قŰȘيل ŰŁÙˆŰ±ÙˆŰšÙŠ ÙˆŰąŰźŰ± ŰŁÙŰ±ÙŠÙ‚ÙŠŰŒ فيلŰčŰš لون Ű§Ù„ŰšŰŽŰ±Ű© ŰŻÙˆŰ±Ű§Ù‹ ۚۧ۱ŰČŰ§Ù‹ في ŰȘŰ­ŰŻÙŠŰŻ Ű·ŰšÙŠŰčŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰŻŰ§Ù†Ű© ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű± Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ÙŠÙ„ÙŠÙ‡Ű§. ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„Ű¶Ű§ÙŰ© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŁÙ† ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłŰ§ ŰȘُŰčŰȘۚ۱ ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű© ŰčŰžÙ…Ù‰ من ŰšÙŠÙ† ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„ŰŒ ÙˆÙ„ŰŻÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ŰȘŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰź Ű­Ű§ÙÙ„ في ŰȘŰ­ŰŻÙŠŰŻ Ù…Ű”ÙŠŰ± ŰŽŰčÙˆŰš ŰčŰŻÙŠŰŻŰ©ŰŒ من ŰšÙŠÙ†Ù‡Ű§ Ù„ŰšÙ†Ű§Ù† ÙˆŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§. ŰšÙŠÙ†Ù…Ű§ Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ§ ŰȘُŰčŰŻ من ŰŁÙÙ‚Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… ۭۚ۳ۚ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù†ŰȘŰŻÙ‰ Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù‚ŰȘŰ”Ű§ŰŻÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù…ÙŠŰŒ فهي ۱Űșم ŰșÙ†Ű§Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙŰ·ÙŠŰŒ Ű„Ù„Ű§Ù‘ ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù„ŰčÙ†Ű© Ù‚ŰŻ Ű”ŰšÙ‘ŰȘ ŰčÙ„ÙŠÙ‡Ű§ كون ۚێ۱۩ ŰłÙƒŰ§Ù†Ù‡Ű§ ŰłÙˆŰŻŰ§ŰĄŰŒ ÙˆÙ‡Ű°Ű§ Ù…Ű§ ŰŁŰčŰ·Ù‰ Ű§Ù„Ű¶ÙˆŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ¶Ű± للŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰŹŰČ۱ ŰšÙ…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆÙ…ŰłÙŠŰ­ÙŠÙŠÙ‡Ű§ Űčلى Ű­ŰŻÙ ŰłÙˆŰ§ŰĄ.

ŰŻÙˆÙ„ ŰŁÙŰ±ÙŠÙ‚ÙŠŰ§ هي من ŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰčŰ§Ù†ÙŠ من Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ†Ű”Ű±ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŁŰČÙ…Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰȘŰ§Ù„ÙŠŰ© Űčلى ÙƒŰ§ÙŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ”ŰčŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰŹŰȘÙ…Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű§Ù‚ŰȘŰ”Ű§ŰŻÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłÙŠŰ©. فهي Ù„ÙŠŰłŰȘ ŰŹÙ…ÙŠŰčÙ‡Ű§ ŰłÙŠŰŻŰ© Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű±Ù‡Ű§ (ۚۧ۳ŰȘŰ«Ù†Ű§ŰĄ ŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙ…Ű§Ù„ÙŠŰ©)ی ÙˆÙ„Ű·Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§ ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű­Ù‚ÙˆÙ„ ŰȘۏۧ۱ۚ “Ű·ŰšÙŠŰ©” Űčلى Ű§Ù„ÙƒŰ«ÙŠŰ± من Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ű±Ű§Ű¶ŰŒ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„Ű¶Ű§ÙŰ© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ۧ۳ŰȘŰčۚۧۯ ŰŽŰčÙˆŰšÙ‡Ű§ من Ù‚ŰšÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ ÙˆÙ„Ű§ ŰłÙŠÙ…Ű§ ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰ±ÙŰč ŰŽŰčۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±ÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŻÙŠÙ‚Ű±Ű§Ű·ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙÙ„ÙŠŰł من Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘŰș۱ۚ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠÙ†ŰšŰ° Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰČ۱۩ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي هي ŰŁŰŽŰšÙ‡ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰšŰ§ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ…Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆÙŠŰ°Ù‡Űš Ù…ŰłŰ±ŰčŰ§Ù‹ للŰȘŰ¶Ű§Ù…Ù† مŰč Ű§Ù„Ű”Ű­Ű§ÙÙŠÙŠÙ† ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű±ŰłŰ§Ù…ÙŠÙ† في ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰł من ŰźÙ„Ű§Ù„ ŰŹÙ…ÙŠŰč ŰŁŰŽÙƒŰ§Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰŻŰčم, وŰčن Ű·Ű±ÙŠÙ‚ ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙˆŰ§Ű”Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰŹŰȘÙ…Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ© Űčۚ۱ Ù‡Ű§ŰŽŰȘۧŰș ŰŻŰŽÙ†Ù‡ Ű±ÙˆŰ§ŰŻ موقŰč ŰȘويŰȘ۱ ÙˆŰŁŰłÙ…ÙˆÙ‡ #CharlieHebdo ليلقى Ű±ÙˆŰ§ŰŹŰ§Ù‹ Ű­ŰȘى في Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠŰŒ Ű„Ű° ÙŰ§Ù‚ ŰčŰŻŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰșŰ±ÙŠŰŻŰ§ŰȘ 55 ŰŁÙ„Ù ŰȘŰșŰ±ÙŠŰŻŰ© ŰźÙ„Ű§Ù„ 24 ۳ۧŰčŰ©. ÙˆŰ§ŰłŰȘŰčمل Ű§Ù„Ù‡Ű§ŰŽŰȘۧŰș في Ù…Ű±Ű­Ù„Ű© ŰŁÙˆÙ„ÙŠŰ© لمŰȘۧۚŰčŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű­ŰŻŰ« ŰŁÙˆÙ„Ű§ ŰšŰŁÙˆÙ„ ÙˆÙ„Ù†ŰŽŰ± ۹۟۱ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘۏۯۧŰȘ ليŰȘŰ­ÙˆÙ„ في Ù…Ű±Ű­Ù„Ű© Ù„Ű§Ű­Ù‚Ű© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ÙˆŰłÙŠÙ„Ű© للŰȘŰčŰšÙŠŰ± Űčن ۹۱ۧۥ Ű±ÙˆŰ§ŰŻ موقŰč ŰȘويŰȘ۱ Ű„ŰČۧۥ Ù…Ű§ Ű­ŰŻŰ«. ÙˆŰžÙ‡Ű± Ù‡Ű§ŰŽŰȘۧŰș ۹۟۱ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ ŰŽŰčۧ۱ #KillAllMuslimsی ÙƒŰ±ŰŻ فŰčل Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŹÙˆÙ… “Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠ” في ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰłŰŒ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ۧ۳ŰȘÙ‚ŰšÙ„Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰŻÙŠŰŻ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű±ÙŰ¶ ÙˆŰ·Űșى Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘÙ†ÙƒŰ§Ű± ŰčÙ„ÙŠÙ‡ŰŒ وŰș۱ۯ Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙˆÙ† ومŰȘŰ¶Ű§Ù…Ù†ÙˆÙ† مŰčهم ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ ŰŽŰčۧ۱ “Je Suis Muslim” ŰŁÙŠ “ŰŁÙ†Ű§ Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…” و #RespectForMuslimsŰȘŰčŰšÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù‹ Űčن Ű±ÙŰ¶Ù‡Ù… Ù„Ű„ŰŻŰ§Ù†Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù… ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰ¶Ű§Ù…Ù† مŰč ŰŹÙ…ÙŠŰč Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙŠÙ† Ű­ÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… ÙˆŰźŰ§Ű”Ű© في ŰŁÙˆŰ±ÙˆŰšŰ§ŰŒ ÙˆÙ„Ù…ÙˆŰ§ŰŹÙ‡Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ†Ű”Ű±ÙŠŰ© Ű¶ŰŻÙ‡Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰ€ŰŹŰŹÙ‡Ű§ ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŹÙ…Ű§ŰȘ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ ŰŽŰčۧ۱ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…. ÙˆŰšÙŠÙ† Ù…Ű€ÙŠŰŻ ومŰčۧ۱۶ Ù„Ù…Ű§ وقŰčی ÙƒŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„ÙŰȘ Ù„Ù„Ù†ŰžŰ± ŰȘŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰź Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© “Ű„ÙŠŰšŰŻÙˆ” Ű§Ù„ŰȘي لم ŰȘŰȘÙˆŰ§Ù†ÙŽ Űčن Ű§Ù„ŰłŰźŰ±ÙŠŰ© ÙŠÙˆÙ…Ű§Ù‹ من ÙƒŰ§ÙŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰŻÙŠŰ§Ù† (ۚۧ۳ŰȘŰ«Ù†Ű§ŰĄ Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙ‡ÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ©)ی Ű­ÙŠŰ« كلف Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰčليق Űčلى Ű§Ù†ŰȘÙ‚Ű§ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŠŰ§Ù†Ű© Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙ‡ÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ÙƒŰ§ŰȘŰš Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰšÙ‚ Ù„Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ„Ű© “Ù…ÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰł ŰłÙŠÙ†ÙŠÙ‡” ŰčÙ…Ù„Ù‡ŰŒ ÙˆŰ°Ù„Ùƒ في ŰčŰ§Ù… 2009 ŰšŰȘÙ‡Ù…Ű© “Ű§Ù„Ù…Űčۧۯۧ۩ Ù„Ù„ŰłŰ§Ù…ÙŠŰ©”ی وŰȘمŰȘ Ù…Ű­Ű§ÙƒÙ…ŰȘه ŰšŰȘهم Ű§Ù„ÙƒŰ±Ű§Ù‡ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ۭۚ۳ۚ ŰŹŰ±ÙŠŰŻŰ© ŰȘيليŰșŰ±Ű§Ù Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰ·Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰ©.

Ű§Ù…Ű±ŰŁŰ© ŰȘŰŹÙˆÙ„ في Ù…Ù†Ű·Ù‚Ű© ۚۧŰșۧ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű­Ű±ÙˆÙ‚Ű© من Ù‚ÙŰšÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠ ŰšÙˆÙƒÙˆ Ű­Ű±Ű§Ù… في Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ§

ÙŠÙˆÙ„ŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§Űš ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰ·Ű±Ù Ű§Ù„ÙÙƒŰ±ÙŠ من Ű§Ù„ÙÙ‚Ű± ÙˆŰłÙˆŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰčليم ŰšŰŽÙƒÙ„ ŰŁŰłŰ§ŰłÙŠŰŒ وفي ŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ­ÙŠŰ§Ù† من Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ‡Ù…ÙŠŰŽ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰŹŰȘÙ…Ű§Űčي ŰŁÙˆ Ű§Ù„Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Ű§Ù… ŰšŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰžÙ„ÙˆÙ…ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆÙ‡Ű°Ű§ Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰ­Ű”Ù„ Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ… في Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ§ŰŒ من Ù‚ŰšÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠ ŰšÙˆÙƒÙˆ Ű­Ű±Ű§Ù…ŰŒ Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰ§Ù„ÙŠ لŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§ŰčŰŻŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ÙŠŰłÙŠŰ·Ű± Űčلى ŰŁŰŹŰČۧۥ من Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ§ŰŒ ويفŰȘك “ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ¶Ű± ÙˆŰ§Ù„ÙŠŰ§ŰšŰł” من ۚێ۱ ÙˆŰźÙŠŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±Ű¶ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ…Ű±Ű§ŰĄ. ÙˆÙ‚ŰŻ ۭ۰۱ Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ŰŁŰłŰ§Ù‚ÙŰ© Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ§ŰŒ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű·Ű±Ű§Ù† Ű„ŰșÙ†Ű§Ű·ÙŠÙˆŰł ÙƒŰ§ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù…Ű§ŰŒ من ۟۷۱ Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ…ŰŒ و”ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§Űš Ù‚ŰŻ يŰȘÙˆŰłŰč Ù„ÙŠŰźŰ±ŰŹ Ű§Ù„Ù‰ ŰŁŰšŰčŰŻ من Ű­ŰŻÙˆŰŻ Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ§ ÙˆÙŠŰ”Ù„ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙˆŰ§Ű± ÙˆŰŁÙˆŰ±ÙˆŰšŰ§”. ÙˆÙ‡Ù†Ű§ ÙŠŰŁŰȘي ŰŻÙˆŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰȘمŰč Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ÙŠ ممن ÙŠŰŻŰ±Ùƒ ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù… Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰŻŰ±Ű§Ùƒ ۟۷۱ Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§Űš ÙˆÙ…Ű§ Ù‚ŰŻ ينŰȘŰŹ Űčنه ۄ۰ۧ Ù…Ű§ ŰȘم Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű¶Ű§ŰĄ Űčليه Ù‚ŰšÙ„ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰźŰ±ŰŹ ۟ۧ۱ۏ ŰłÙŠŰ·Ű±Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰŻŰ© وينŰȘێ۱ ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘێۧ۱ Ű§Ù„Ù†Ű§Ű± في Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŽÙŠÙ…ŰŒ فهل من ÙŠŰłÙ…Űč لŰȘŰ­Ű°ÙŠŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű·Ű±Ű§Ù† “ÙƒŰ§ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù…Ű§”ی ŰŁÙ… ŰŁÙ†Ù‡ ŰłÙŠÙ†ŰȘ۞۱ ŰșŰŻŰ§Ù‹ لŰȘلقّي Ű§Ù„Ű”ŰŻÙ…Ű© في ŰčÙ‚Ű± ŰŻŰ§Ű±Ù‡ ÙƒÙ…Ű§ Ű­Ű”Ù„ في ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰł ÙˆŰŁÙ†Ù‚Ű±Ű© ÙˆÙ†ÙŠÙˆÙŠÙˆŰ±ÙƒŰŸ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŹŰŻÙŠŰ± ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű°ÙƒŰ± Ű­ÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ†ŰžÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰšÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰąŰźŰ±ŰŒ “ۯۧŰčŰŽ”ی ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© لم ŰȘŰčÙ…ŰŻ Ù„Ù…Ű­Ű§Ű±ŰšŰȘه “ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ù‹” Ű„Ù„Ű§ ŰšŰčŰŻ ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù‚ŰȘ۱ۚ في Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±Ű§Ù‚ ÙˆŰłÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§ من ۹ۚۧ۱ Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙŰ· في Ű§Ù„Ű„Ù‚Ù„ÙŠÙ… Ű§Ù„ÙƒŰ±ŰŻŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰŒ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ŰȘŰłÙŠŰ·Ű± Űčليه Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ±ÙƒŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰ·Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰ©.

ÙˆŰšÙŠŰŻ ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŽÙƒÙ„Ű© Ù„Ű§ ŰȘكمن في “Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙŰ§Ù‚” Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłÙŠ Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘوى Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ÙŠŰŒ ŰšÙ„ ŰŁÙŠŰ¶Ű§Ù‹ في ŰłÙˆŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰșŰ·ÙŠŰ© من Ù‚ŰšÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù…ÙŠ Ù„Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰČ۱۩ Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù… ۣ۟۰ Ù…Ù†Ű­Ù‰ ۰ۧ ۷ۧۚŰč ŰčÙ†Ű”Ű±ÙŠ في ŰȘŰșŰ·ÙŠŰȘه Ù„ŰŁŰźŰšŰ§Ű± Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰȘ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù‚ŰȘل Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘÙ…Ű± في ŰŻÙˆÙ„ “Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù„Ű«”ی وŰȘŰ­ÙˆÙ„ŰȘ ŰŻÙˆÙ„ ŰŁÙŰ±ÙŠÙ‚ÙŠŰ§ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠ ŰšÙ…ŰŹŰ§ŰČŰ±Ù‡Ű§ ÙˆŰ­Ű±ÙˆŰšÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰłÙÙƒ ÙŠÙˆÙ…ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ŰŻÙ…Ű§ŰĄ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŠŰ§ŰȘ من ŰŁŰšÙ†Ű§ŰŠÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ في “Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠŰ©” لŰȘ۔ۭۚ من Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ†Ű§ÙˆÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙˆÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ولŰȘŰčۧۯ Ű”ÙŠŰ§ŰșŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰźŰšŰ± ÙŠÙˆÙ…ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ مŰč ŰȘŰșÙŠÙ‘Ű± في ŰčŰŻŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű¶Ű­Ű§ÙŠŰ§ وŰȘŰ”Ù„ في Ù†Ù‡Ű§ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű·Ű§Ù Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù†Ű­Ùˆ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ù„ŰŒ ÙˆŰ°Ù„Ùƒ Ù…Ű§ ŰŁŰŻÙ‰ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ “ŰȘÙ‚ŰšÙ‘Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ…Ù‡ÙˆŰ± Űčۚ۱ ŰȘمليلهم” ۭۚ۳ۚ Ù…Ű§ Ù‚Ű§Ù„ Ű§Ù„ÙÙŠÙ„ŰłÙˆÙ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ÙƒŰ§ŰȘŰš Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłÙŠ ŰŹŰ§Ù† ŰŹŰ§Ùƒ Ű±ÙˆŰłÙˆ. ÙÙƒŰ§Ù† من Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű­ÙˆŰž Ù…Ű±ÙˆŰ± ۟ۚ۱ ÙˆŰŹÙˆŰŻ Ù…Ù‚ŰšŰ±Ű© ŰŹÙ…Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ© في Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰ”Ù„ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘوي Űčلى 120 ŰŹŰ«Ű© Ù…Ű±ÙˆŰ± Ű§Ù„ÙƒŰ±Ű§Ù…ŰŒ ÙˆŰ°Ù„Ùƒ ŰšŰčŰŻ ۚ۶Űč ۳ۧŰčۧŰȘ من Ű­ŰŻÙˆŰ« Ù‡ŰŹÙˆÙ… ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰł. ÙˆŰ„Ù„Ù‰ Ű­ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰąÙ†ŰŒ يŰȘم ۧ۳ŰȘŰșÙ„Ű§Ù„ Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ¶Űč Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰłÙŠ ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ŰȘم ۧ۳ŰȘŰșÙ„Ű§Ù„Ù‡ ŰčŰ§Ù… 2001 ŰčÙ‚Űš ۣۭۯۧ۫ 11 ŰŁÙŠÙ„ÙˆÙ„ŰŒ ÙˆŰ°Ù„Ùƒ Űčۚ۱ Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŹÙˆÙ… Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù… ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰ­ŰŻÙŠŰŻŰŒ ÙˆŰ„Ù„Ű”Ű§Ù‚ ŰȘÙ‡Ù…Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű±Ù‡Ű§Űš ŰšÙ‡.

ÙˆŰšŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰŁÙƒÙŠŰŻ Űčلى ŰŁÙ†Ù‡ Ù„Ű§ ŰŽÙŠŰĄ ÙŠÙ†ŰšŰșي ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰšŰ±Ű± Ù‡ÙƒŰ°Ű§ ŰčÙ…Ù„ŰŒ لكن Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ù„Ű§ يŰȘŰčۧ۱۶ مŰč Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ°ÙƒÙŠŰ± ŰšŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰłŰ§ŰĄŰ© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŁÙŠ ŰčÙ‚ÙŠŰŻŰ© ŰŻÙŠÙ†ÙŠŰ© ŰŁÙˆ ŰŁÙŠ Ù†ŰšÙŠ من ŰŁÙ†ŰšÙŠŰ§ŰĄ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ هي ŰŁÙ…Ű± Ù…Ű±ÙÙˆŰ¶ ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù…Ű§Ù‹ŰŒ وهي ۄ۳ۧۥ۩ ŰȘۭ۱۶ ŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„Ù†Ű§Űł Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ű«ŰŁŰ± Ù„ŰŻÙŠÙ†Ù‡Ù… ŰŁÙˆ Ù†ŰšÙŠÙ‡Ù… ÙƒÙ…Ű§ Ű­Ű”Ù„ في ŰšŰ§Ű±ÙŠŰł.

Ù†ÙŰŽŰ± Űčلى موقŰč ŰŽŰ§Ù‡ŰŻ نيوŰČ

August 22, 2014

ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ “ŰȘŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻ في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡” – Ű§Ù„ۣ۟ۚۧ۱

by mkleit
ŰŹŰčÙŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰšÙƒÙ„ÙŠ
ŰŹŰ±ÙŠŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰšŰ§Ű±

Ű±Ù†Ù‘ ۏ۱۳ Ű§Ù„Ù‡Ű§ŰȘف في ۭۏ۱۩ نوم Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ في Ű§Ù„Ű·Ű§ŰšÙ‚ Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙŠ ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰšÙŠŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰšÙŠŰ¶. ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰčŰ© ŰȘŰŽÙŠŰ± Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰ© Ű”ŰšŰ§Ű­Ű§Ù‹. Ű±ÙŰč Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ…Ù‘Ű§ŰčŰ©ŰŒ ÙŰźŰ§Ű·ŰšÙ‡ Ű”ÙˆŰȘ Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±Ù‡ Ù„Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹: Â«ŰłÙŠŰŻÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰłŰŒ ŰąŰłÙ Ù„ŰŁÙ†ÙŠ ۧ۶۷۱۱ŰȘ Ù„Ű„ÙŠÙ‚Ű§ŰžÙƒ. Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ¶Űč ŰșÙŽŰŻÙŽŰ§Ù‹ ۟۷۱».

ŰšŰčŰŻ ۣ۱ۚŰč ۳ۧŰčۧŰȘ ŰȘÙ‚Ű±ÙŠŰšŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ في ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰŻŰłŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù†Ű”Ù Ű”ŰšŰ§Ű­Ű§Ù‹ من يوم Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ…ÙŠŰł 27 ÙƒŰ§Ù†ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„ 1979ی نŰČل ŰŹÙŠÙ…ÙŠ ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘ۱ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙƒŰȘŰš Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŠŰ¶Ű§ÙˆÙŠ. ÙƒŰ§Ù† ŰČŰšÙŠŰșنيو ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ Ù…ŰłŰȘێۧ۱ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ ŰšŰ§Ù†ŰȘŰžŰ§Ű±Ù‡ ŰŹŰ§Ù„ŰłŰ§Ù‹ مŰȘŰ±Ù‚ŰšŰ§Ù‹. ŰšŰ§ŰŻŰ±Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰłŰ€Ű§Ù„: Â«Ù…Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰŻÙŠŰŻŰŸÂ».

ۣۏۧۚ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ: Â«Ù„Ù‚ŰŻ قŰȘÙ„ÙˆŰ§ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ŰŁÙ…ÙŠÙ†! Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ű± لم يŰčŰŻ يŰȘŰčلق Ű§Ù„ŰąÙ† ۚۄŰčۧۯ۩ ŰȘÙ…Ű±ÙƒŰČ Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰȘهم ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ÙƒÙ†Ű§ نŰȘŰ”ÙˆÙ‘Ű± من Ù‚ŰšÙ„ŰŒ ŰšÙ„ هو ŰșŰČو ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰȘÙ„Ű§Ù„ ÙƒŰ§Ù…Ù„ Ù„Ù„ŰšÙ„ŰŻ! Ű„Ù†Ù‘ ŰŁŰčŰŻŰ§ŰŻŰ§Ù‹ ÙƒŰšÙŠŰ±Ű© من Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙˆÙ‚Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù†Ű¶Ù…ŰȘ Ù„Ù„Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘÙ…Ű±ÙƒŰČŰ© Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±Ű¶ŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰŻŰŁŰȘ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ù‡ŰšÙˆŰ· في ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„. ŰŽŰšÙƒŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘŰ”Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù†Ù‚Ű·ŰčŰȘ ŰšŰ§Ù„ÙƒŰ§Ù…Ù„ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ÙˆÙ‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„ŰŻ ۔ۧ۱ مŰčŰČÙˆÙ„Ű§Ù‹ ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù…Ű§Ù‹ Űčن Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű±ŰŹÙŠÂ».

Ű”Ù…ŰȘ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ Ù‚Ù„ÙŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ Ù†ŰžŰ± في ŰŁÙˆŰ±Ű§Ù‚ ŰŻÙˆÙ‘Ù† ŰčÙ„ÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„Ù†Ù‚Ű§Ű· ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű§Ű­ŰžŰ§ŰȘی ÙˆŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ: Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡ ŰŁÙƒŰŻŰȘ لي Ù…Ù†Ű° قليل ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ كŰȘÙŠŰšŰȘين من Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű”Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ© Ù‡Ù…Ű§ Â«ŰŁÙ„ÙŰ§Â» و«ŰČÙŠÙ†ÙŠŰ«Â»ŰŒ Ù‚Ű§Ù…ŰȘۧ ۭۚۧŰȘÙ„Ű§Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰšÙ†ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…ÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű„Ű°Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ© في ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„ŰŒ ŰšÙ…Ű§ ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű”Ű± Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠŰ§ŰłÙŠŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« ŰȘŰźÙ„Ű”ÙˆŰ§ من Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű­ÙÙŠŰž Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠÙ†. وكŰȘÙŠŰšŰ© Â«ÙŰ§ÙŠŰȘŰšŰłÙƒÂ» Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰžÙ„ÙŠŰ© ۭۧŰȘلŰȘ Ù…Ű·Ű§Ű± ŰšŰșŰ±Ű§Ù…. ÙˆŰŁÙ…Ù‘Ű§ ŰčÙ…Ù„Ű§ŰĄ «كي ŰŹÙŠ ŰšÙŠÂ» ÙÙ‚ŰŻ ŰŁŰ­ÙƒÙ…ÙˆŰ§ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ·Ű±Ű© Űčلى Ù…Ű±Ű§ÙƒŰČ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘŰ”Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰłÙŠŰ© في Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ű”Ù…Ű©ŰŒ ÙˆŰŽÙ„ÙˆŰ§ ŰšŰ°Ù„Ùƒ Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙŠŰ§ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ©Â».

ŰłŰŁÙ„ ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘ۱: «وهل ŰȘŰžÙ† ŰŁÙ† ŰșŰČوهم ŰłÙŠÙ‚ŰȘ۔۱ Űčلى ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŸÂ». Ű”Ù…ŰȘ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ ŰšŰ±Ù‡Ű© Ù‚Ù„ÙŠÙ„Ű©ŰŒ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ ۣۏۧۚ: «ŰȘÙ‚ŰŻÙŠŰ±ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű”ŰŒ ŰŁÙ† ŰșŰČو Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† هو ŰšŰŻŰ§ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ű±ŰŒ ÙˆÙ„ÙŠŰł Ù†Ù‡Ű§ÙŠŰȘه. ÙˆÙŠŰŽŰ§Ű·Ű±Ù†ÙŠ في Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŁÙŠ ŰŁÙŠŰ¶Ű§Ù‹ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù„ ŰȘÙŠŰ±Ù†Ű±Â» (ÙŠÙ‚Ű”ŰŻ ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰłÙÙŠÙ„ŰŻ ŰȘÙŠŰ±Ù†Ű±ŰŒ Ù…ŰŻÙŠŰ± ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© ŰąÙ†Ű°Ű§Ùƒ).

Ű­ÙƒÙ‘ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘ۱ ŰŁÙ†ÙÙ‡ وهو ÙŠÙ†ŰžŰ± Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰČŰšÙŠŰșينيو ŰšÙ‚Ù„Ù‚ŰŒ ÙŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ ÙƒŰšÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰšÙˆÙ„Ù†ŰŻÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ”Ù„ŰŒ Ù…ÙˆŰ¶Ű­Ű§Ù‹ Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰłÙ‡ مكمن Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ·Ű±: Â«Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰłŰŒ ۄ۰ۧ ŰȘŰ±ÙƒÙ†Ű§Ù‡Ù… Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ…ÙŽ ÙŠŰ¶Űčون ŰŁÙŠŰŻÙŠÙ‡Ù… Űčلى ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ÙÙ…Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ÙŠŰ¶Ù…Ù† Ù„Ù†Ű§ ŰŁÙ† Ù„Ű§ يŰȘŰ·Ù„ŰčÙˆŰ§ ŰșŰŻŰ§Ù‹ Ù†Ű­Ùˆ Ű„ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù†ŰŸ! Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ¶Űč Ű§Ù„ŰąÙ† في Ű„ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù† Ù…ŰŽÙˆŰŽ. ÙˆÙ†Ű­Ù† ÙÙ‚ŰŻÙ†Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ·Ű±Ű© ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù…Ű§Ù‹ Űčلى Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ‡Ù… في Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ±Ù‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆŰłŰ·ŰŒ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰźÙ…ÙŠÙ†ÙŠ ÙŠŰšŰŻÙŠ Űčۯۧۥ Ű¶Ű§Ű±ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ Ù„Ù†Ű§ŰŒ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű„ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰ© ŰȘŰźŰŽÙ‰ من ۶۱ۚŰȘÙ†Ű§ Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰŽÙŠÙƒŰ© لهم ŰšŰčŰŻÙ…Ű§ ۭۧŰȘŰŹŰČÙˆŰ§ Ù…ÙˆŰžÙÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŰ§Ű±Ű©. كل Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ù‚ŰŻ ÙŠŰŹŰčل Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ…ÙŠÙ†ÙŠÙŠÙ† يŰȘÙ‚Ű±ŰšÙˆÙ† من Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ ÙˆÙŠŰ­ŰȘمون ŰšÙ‡Ù…ŰŒ ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ŰȘÙ‚Ű±Ù‘Űš ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Űł منهم ŰŁÙ…ÙŠÙ† ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰȘمى ŰšÙ‡Ù…. ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ ۄ۰ۧ Ù…ŰŻÙˆŰ§ ŰčŰ±ÙˆÙ‚Ù‡Ù… ŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± في Ű·Ù‡Ű±Ű§Ù†ŰŒ Ű”Ù†ŰčÙˆŰ§ ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰ”Ù†Űčونه Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ… في ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„. ÙŰ„Ű°Ű§ ŰłÙ‚Ű·ŰȘ Ű·Ù‡Ű±Ű§Ù† ŰšŰčŰŻ ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„ŰŒ ۔ۧ۱ŰȘ Ù…Ù†Ű§ŰšŰč Ű§Ù„Ù†ÙŰ· في Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰŹ Ű§Ù„ÙŰ§Ű±ŰłÙŠ في مŰȘÙ†Ű§ÙˆÙ„ ÙŠŰŻ Ù…ÙˆŰłÙƒÙˆ!».

Ű±Ű§Ù† Ű”Ù…ŰȘ Ű«Ù‚ÙŠÙ„ في Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙƒŰȘŰš Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŠŰ¶Ű§ÙˆÙŠŰŒ Ù‚ŰšÙ„ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠÙ‚Ű·Űčه Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹ ŰšŰ”ÙˆŰȘ ۭۧŰČم: «ۧۯŰč Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ ÙÙˆŰ±Ű§Ù‹Â».

ÙŠŰ§ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ Ű­Ű±Ù‘Ű¶ÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű€Ù…Ù†ÙŠÙ† Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ù‚ŰȘŰ§Ù„

Ű”ŰšÙŠŰ­Ű© يوم 27 ÙƒŰ§Ù†ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„ 1979ی Ű§Ù†ŰčÙ‚ŰŻ Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ في Â«Ù…ŰšÙ†Ù‰ Ű„ÙŠŰČÙ†Ù‡Ű§ÙˆŰ±Â» Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰšÙ„ Ù„Ù„ŰšÙŠŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰšÙŠŰ¶. Ű¶Ù…Ù‘ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰŹŰȘÙ…Ű§Űč ÙƒÙ„Ù‘Ű§Ù‹ من Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘŰ±ŰŒ ÙˆÙ†Ű§ŰŠŰšÙ‡ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘ۱ Ù…ÙˆÙ†ŰŻÙ„ŰŒ ÙˆÙ…ŰłŰȘێۧ۱ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠŰŒ ووŰČÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű±ŰŹÙŠŰ© ŰłŰ§ÙŠŰ±ÙˆŰł ÙŰ§Ù†ŰłŰŒ ووŰČÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŰ§Űč Ù‡Ű§Ű±ÙˆÙ„ŰŻ ŰšŰ±Ű§ÙˆÙ†ŰŒ ÙˆŰ±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ù‡ÙŠŰŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ÙƒŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŽŰȘŰ±ÙƒŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű±Ű§Ù„ ŰŻÙŠÙÙŠŰŻ ŰŹÙˆÙ†ŰČی ÙˆÙ…ŰŻÙŠŰ± ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰłÙÙŠÙ„ŰŻ ŰȘÙŠŰ±Ù†Ű±ŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰźŰ”Ű”ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±Ű§ÙÙ‚ÙŠÙ† Ù„ŰŁŰč۶ۧۥ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł. ŰŻŰ§Ù… Ű°Ù„Ùƒ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰŹŰȘÙ…Ű§Űč ۣ۱ۚŰč ۳ۧŰčۧŰȘ. ÙˆŰ§ŰȘفق فيه Űčلى ŰŹÙ…Ù„Ű© من Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ű±Ű§ŰȘ ŰȘ۔ۚ في ŰźŰŻÙ…Ű© Ù‡ŰŻÙÙŠÙ† Ű§Ű«Ù†ÙŠÙ† Ù‡Ù…Ű§:

1ــ ÙŠŰŹŰš Űčلى Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© ŰŁÙ† ŰȘ۱ۯŰč Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘۭۧۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘي ŰšÙƒÙ„ ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„Ù‡Ű§ŰŒ كي Ù„Ű§ ÙŠŰ·Ù…Űč Ù‚Ű§ŰŻŰȘه ŰŁÙˆ ÙŠÙÙƒŰ±ÙˆŰ§ ÙÙŠÙ…Ű§ ÙˆŰ±Ű§ŰĄ ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†.

2ــ ŰšŰčŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰŁÙƒŰŻ من ŰȘŰ­Ù‚Ù‚ Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŻÙ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„ŰŒ ÙŠŰŹŰš Űčلى Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰčمل Ù„ŰŻŰ­Ű± Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† Ù†ÙŰłÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ Ű­ŰȘى ÙŠŰźŰ±ŰŹÙˆŰ§ Ù…Ù†Ù‡Ű§ مهŰČومين ŰșÙŠŰ± منŰȘŰ”Ű±ÙŠÙ†.

وفي Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰźŰ” Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŻÙ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„ŰŒ يكون Űčلى ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ŰŁÙ† ŰȘÙ†ŰšÙ‘Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ ŰšŰ§Ù„ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰŻŰšÙ„ÙˆÙ…Ű§ŰłÙŠŰ©/ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłÙŠŰ© ŰšŰŻŰ§ÙŠŰ©Ù‹ŰŒ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ ŰšÙŰ±Ű¶ Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ‚ÙˆŰšŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù‚ŰȘŰ”Ű§ŰŻÙŠŰ©/ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠŰ© Űčليهم ŰȘŰ§Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ ŰšŰȘفŰčيل Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘÙŰ§Ù‚ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù†ÙŠŰ©/ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšŰ±Ù…Ű© مŰč ملوك ÙˆŰ±Ű€ŰłŰ§ŰĄ ÙˆŰŁÙ…Ű±Ű§ŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„ŰŻŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù„ÙŠÙŰ© في Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ±Ù‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆŰłŰ·. وفي Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű”ŰŻŰŻŰŒ يكون Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŰ±Ű§ŰĄ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčŰȘÙ…ŰŻÙŠÙ† في Ű§Ù„ŰčÙˆŰ§Ű”Ù… Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ© (وفي Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§Ù‡Ű±Ű© وŰčÙ…Ù‘Ű§Ù†) ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰ·Ù„ŰšÙˆŰ§ من Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű·Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű­Ù„ÙŠŰ© ŰȘÙ†ÙÙŠŰ° ŰȘÙŰ§Ù‡Ù…Ű§ŰȘ ÙˆŰ§ŰȘÙŰ§Ù‚Ű§ŰȘ ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ© ŰŁŰšŰ±Ù…ŰȘ مŰč Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© ŰłŰ§ŰšÙ‚Ű§Ù‹ŰŒ ŰšÙ…Ű§ في Ű°Ù„Ùƒ Ű­Ù‚ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ في ۧ۳ŰȘŰźŰŻŰ§Ù… Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆŰ§ŰčŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠŰ© في ŰšÙ„ŰŻŰ§Ù†Ù‡Ù… Ù„Ù„ŰŁŰș۱ۧ۶ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±ŰšÙŠŰ©. ÙˆÙŠÙŰ¶Ù„ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘÙ…Ű± ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰŹŰ±Ű§ŰĄŰ§ŰȘ ŰšÙ‡ŰŻÙˆŰĄŰŒ ومن ŰșÙŠŰ± ۔۟ۚ Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠ.

ÙˆŰŁÙ…Ù‘Ű§ في Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰźŰ” Ű§Ù„Ù‡ŰŻÙ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰŒ ÙŰ„Ù†Ù‘ ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ÙŠŰŹŰš ŰŁÙ† ŰȘÙ†Ű§Ù„ ŰșŰ§ÙŠŰȘÙ‡Ű§ من ŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰȘŰŻŰźÙ„ ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ŰŁÙˆ ŰčÙ„Ù†ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ÙˆŰ°Ù„Ùƒ Ù„Ű«Ù„Ű§Ű«Ű© ۣ۳ۚۧۚ:

ŰŁÙˆÙ„Ű§Ù‹: Ù„ŰŁÙ†Ù‡Ű§ Ù„Ű§ ŰȘ۱ŰȘۚ۷ Ù‚Ű§Ù†ÙˆÙ†ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ مŰč Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…Ű© ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„ ŰšŰŁÙŠ ۧŰȘÙŰ§Ù‚ ŰŻÙŰ§Űčي Ù…ŰŽŰȘŰ±ÙƒŰŒ Űčلى ŰčÙƒŰł ŰșŰ±ÙŠÙ…Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘي Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ وقŰč Ù…Ù†Ű° ŰčŰ§Ù…ŰŒ مŰč Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰšÙ‚ Ù†ÙˆŰ± Ù…Ű­Ù…ŰŻ ŰȘŰ±Ű§Ù‚ÙŠ «مŰčŰ§Ù‡ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű”ŰŻŰ§Ù‚Ű© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰčŰ§ÙˆÙ† ÙˆŰ­ŰłÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙˆŰ§Ű±Â» Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰȘÙŠŰ­ Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰłÙƒÙˆ Ű„Ù…ÙƒŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰŻŰźÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠ Ù„Ù…ŰłŰ§ŰčŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù†ŰžŰ§Ù… Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù„ÙŠÙ Ù„Ù‡Ű§ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†. ÙˆŰšŰ°Ù„Ùƒ ŰȘنŰČŰč ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘÙŰ§Ù‚ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ Ù‚Ű§Ù†ÙˆÙ†ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ Űčن Â«Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ©Â» ۔ۚŰșŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű§Ű­ŰȘÙ„Ű§Ù„.

Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰ§Ù‹: Ù„ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Ű­Ù…Ű§ÙŠŰ© ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† Ù†ÙŰłÙ‡Ű§ Ù„ÙŠŰłŰȘ Ù‡ŰŻÙŰ§Ù‹ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ§Ù‹ مŰșŰ±ÙŠŰ§Ù‹. ÙÙ…Ű§ يهم ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ŰŁŰłŰ§ŰłŰ§Ù‹ هو Ű­Ù…Ű§ÙŠŰ© Ù…Ű”Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۱ۧŰȘÙŠŰŹÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰ­ÙŠŰ· ŰšŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† (في Ű„ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù† ÙˆŰšŰ§ÙƒŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰŹ). ÙˆÙ„Ű°Ù„Ùƒ ÙŰ„Ù† ŰŻŰźÙˆÙ„ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ في Ű”ŰŻŰ§Ù… ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠ Ù…ŰšŰ§ŰŽŰ± مŰč Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘۭۧۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘي من ŰŁŰŹÙ„ ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† – ŰšÙ‚Ű·Űč Ű§Ù„Ù†ŰžŰ± Űčن Ù…ŰłÙˆŰșۧŰȘه Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§Ù†ÙˆÙ†ÙŠŰ© – هو ŰŁÙ…Ű± ŰșÙŠŰ± Ù…Ű±ŰșÙˆŰšŰŒ ÙŰ¶Ù„Ű§Ù‹ Űčن ŰŁÙ†Ù‡ مكلف.

Ű«Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù‹: Ù„ŰŁÙ†Ù‘Ù‡ ۚۧ۳ŰȘ۷ۧŰčŰ© ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ ŰȘŰ­Ù‚ÙŠÙ‚ ŰșŰ§ÙŠŰȘÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ ÙˆŰ„ŰźŰ±Ű§ŰŹ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ من ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† Ù…Ù†ÙƒŰłŰ±ÙŠÙ†ŰŒ من ŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŁÙ† ŰȘ۟۳۱ هي ŰŹÙ†ŰŻÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰŻŰ§Ù‹ من ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰŻÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ ŰŁÙˆ ŰȘŰ­Ű±Ùƒ ۷ۧۊ۱۩ ÙˆŰ§Ű­ŰŻŰ© من ۷ۧۊ۱ۧŰȘÙ‡Ű§… ÙˆŰ°Ù„Ùƒ Ù„ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ ŰšÙ„Ű§ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù† ÙŠÙ…ÙƒÙ†Ù‡Ű§ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘكون ÙŰźŰ§Ù‹ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ§Ù‹ Ù…Ű«Ű§Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ Ù„Ù„Ű±ÙˆŰł!

ÙˆŰŁŰ«Ù†Ű§ŰĄ Ù†Ù‚Ű§ŰŽŰ§ŰȘ Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ (Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű°ÙƒÙˆŰ±)ی Űč۱۶ ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰłÙÙŠÙ„ŰŻ ŰȘÙŠŰ±Ù†Ű± Ù…ŰŻÙŠŰ± Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» كيف Ù†ŰŹŰ­ŰȘ ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„ŰȘÙ‡ŰŒ مŰč Ű­Ù„ÙŰ§ŰŠÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ§ÙƒŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ÙŠÙŠÙ†ŰŒ في ۧ۟ŰȘŰ±Ű§Ù‚ Ù‚ÙŠŰ§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ من Ű§Ù„Ù‚ŰšŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© (ŰźŰ”ÙˆŰ”Ű§Ù‹ من Ù‚ŰšŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ§ŰŽŰȘون ۰ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű§Ű±ŰȘۚۧ۷ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű„Ű«Ù†ÙŠŰ© مŰč ŰšŰ§ÙƒŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†). وكيف ŰŹÙÙ†Ù‘ŰŻŰȘ Ù…ÙŠÙ„ÙŠŰŽÙŠŰ§ŰȘ من Ű±ŰŹŰ§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ù‚ŰšŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ù„Ù„Ù‚ÙŠŰ§Ù… ۭۚ۱ۚ Űč۔ۧۚۧŰȘ ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆŰ¶ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰŻ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŻŰ§Űčمين Ù„Ù‡Ű§ŰŒ في ۄ۷ۧ۱ مŰčŰ§Ù‡ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰčŰ§ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠ. ÙˆŰ°ÙƒŰ± ŰȘÙŠŰ±Ù†Ű± كيف ŰčملŰȘ Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» فŰčÙ„Ű§Ù‹ Űčلى Ù…Ű¶Ű§ŰčÙŰ© ŰŻŰčÙ…Ù‡Ű§ Â«Ù„Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â»ŰŒ ŰšŰčŰŻ ŰŁÙ† ۣ۔ۯ۱ Ù„Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘ۱ في Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù„Ű« من ŰȘموŰČ 1979 ŰȘÙˆŰŹÙŠÙ‡Ű§Ù‹ Ű±ŰŠŰ§ŰłÙŠŰ§Ù‹ لŰČÙŠŰ§ŰŻŰ© ŰȘمويلهم وŰȘŰłÙ„ÙŠŰ­Ù‡Ù…ŰŒ وŰȘŰ­ÙÙŠŰČهم مŰčÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ ŰŽŰčۧ۱ۧŰȘ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙŠÙˆŰčيين Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű­ŰŻÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŽŰ±Ű§Ù‹ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù… في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†Â». ÙˆŰšŰ§Ù„ÙŰčل ÙÙ‚ŰŻ Ù‚Ű§Ù…ŰȘ Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙŠÙ„ÙŠŰŽÙŠŰ§ŰȘ ŰšŰŹÙ‡ŰŻ مميّŰČ ÙÙŠ Ű­Ű±ŰšÙ‡Ű§ ۶ۯ Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…Ű© ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„ Ù…Ű§ ۧ۶۷۱ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘۭۧۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰŒ في Ù†Ù‡Ű§ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű·Ű§ÙŰŒ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰŻŰźÙ„ ŰšÙ†ÙŰłÙ‡ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ Ù„ÙŠÙ†Ù‚Ű° Ù†ŰžŰ§Ù…Ű§Ù‹ ŰŹŰ§Ű±Ű§Ù‹ ÙˆŰ­Ù„ÙŠÙŰ§Ù‹ له من Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ÙˆÙŠ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ ۶۱ۚۧŰȘ Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â» Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŻŰčومين من ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ©. ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† من Ű±ŰŁÙŠ Ù…ŰŹÙ„Űł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ في ۧۏŰȘÙ…Ű§Űčه Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű°ÙƒÙˆŰ±ŰŒ ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ ŰȘŰłŰȘŰ·ÙŠŰč ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰČÙŠŰŻ ۏ۱ŰčۧŰȘ ŰŻŰčÙ…Ù‡Ű§ Ù„Ù…ÙŠÙ„ÙŠŰŽÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â»ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ­ÙŰČÙ‡Ű§ ŰŻÙŠÙ†ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ Â«Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ – ŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± ÙŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± – ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű­ŰŻÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŽŰ±Ű§Ù‹ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…Â». Ű°Ù„Ùƒ ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ ŰŁÙˆÙ„ŰŠÙƒ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ† ۄ۰ۧ ÙˆÙŰ±ŰȘ له ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ ŰšÙŠŰŠŰ© Ù…ŰłŰ§ŰčŰŻŰ© Ű„Ù‚Ù„ÙŠÙ…ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ÙˆŰ„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ وŰș۷ۧۥ من Ű§Ù„ŰŻŰčŰ§ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠŰ© ÙˆÙ…ŰŻŰŻŰ§Ù‹ من Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ·ÙˆŰčين Ű§Ù„Ű±Ű§ŰșŰšÙŠÙ† في Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙ‡Ű§ŰŻŰ© في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ ÙˆŰ±ÙŰČÙŽÙ…Ű§Ù‹ من Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ وŰȘŰ±ŰłŰ§Ù†Ű§ŰȘ من Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ŰŒ فهو Ű­ÙŠÙ†ŰŠŰ° Ù„Ű§ ŰšŰŻÙ‘ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰ€ŰȘي ŰŁÙƒÙ„Ù‡ŰŒ ŰčŰ§ŰŹÙ„Ű§Ù‹ ŰŁÙˆ ŰąŰŹÙ„Ű§Ù‹… ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ ŰŁŰ«Ù…Ű± Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ» نŰȘۧۊۏ ۱ۧۊŰčŰ© Ù„Ù…Ű”Ù„Ű­Ű© ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ŰŒ ÙÙŠŰłŰȘنŰČف Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘی من ŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŁÙ† ŰȘ۟۳۱ هي ŰŽÙŠŰŠŰ§Ù‹ ÙŠŰ°ÙƒŰ±!

ÙˆÙ„ŰŁŰŹÙ„ ŰȘŰ­Ù‚ÙŠÙ‚ Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ‡ŰŻŰ§ÙŰŒ Ù‚Ű±Ű± Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙŰ§ŰŻ Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±Ù‡ Ù„Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ في Â«ŰŹÙˆÙ„Ű© Ù…ÙƒÙˆÙƒÙŠŰ©Â» Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ±Ù‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆŰłŰ· Ù„Ű„Ù‚Ù†Ű§Űč Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù„ÙŰ§ŰĄ ŰšÙ…Ű­Ű§ŰłÙ† Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠÂ»ŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰŁÙ‡Ù…ÙŠŰ© ŰȘمويل Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§ÙˆÙ…Ű©Â» وŰȘŰłÙ„ÙŠŰ­Ù‡Ű§ŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰ¶Ű±ÙˆŰ±Ű© Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ‚ÙˆÙ ÙƒŰ§Ù„ŰšÙ†ÙŠŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±Ű”ÙˆŰ” ۶ۯ ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§Ű­ŰȘÙ„Ű§Ù„ŰŒ ÙˆŰ¶ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ÙƒÙŰ§Ű± ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű­ŰŻÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŽŰ±Ű§Ù‹ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù… ÙˆŰŁÙ‡Ù„Ù‡!

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Ù…ÙŽŰ«Ù„Ù Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ينفقون ŰŁÙ…ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù‡Ù… في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§

ۚۯۣ ŰČŰšÙŠŰșنيو ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ ŰŹÙˆÙ„ŰȘه في Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§Ù‡Ű±Ű©ŰŒ ÙŰ§Ù„ŰȘقى يوم 3 ÙƒŰ§Ù†ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙŠ 1980 Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠ ŰŁÙ†ÙˆŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ. ولم يكن Ű„Ù‚Ù†Ű§Űč Â«Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű€Ù…Ù†Â» ŰšŰźŰŻÙ…Ű© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰč Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰŻÙŠŰŻ Ű”ŰčŰšŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙŰ§Ù„Ű±ŰŹÙ„ Ù‚ŰŻ ŰŁŰłÙ„Ù… ŰČÙ…Ű§Ù…Ù‡ ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù…Ű§Ù‹ Â«Ù„Ű”ŰŻÙŠÙ‚Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù…ÙŠÙ…Â» ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘŰ±ŰŒ Ù…Ù†Ű° ŰŁÙ† Ù‚ŰšÙ„ ŰšÙ…ŰčŰ§Ù‡ŰŻŰ© Â«ÙƒŰ§Ù…Űš ŰŻÙŠÙÙŠŰŻÂ». ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† Ù…Ű·Ù„Űš Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšŰčÙˆŰ« Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ من Ù…Ű”Ű± هو Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙŠŰ§Ù… ŰšŰ­Ù…Ù„Ű§ŰȘ ŰŻŰčŰ§ŰŠÙŠŰ© Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠŰ© Ù†ŰŽŰ·Ű© ÙŠŰŽŰ§Ű±Ùƒ ÙÙŠÙ‡Ű§ ŰŽÙŠÙˆŰź Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰČÙ‡Ű± (ÙˆÙ„Ű§ ۣۚ۳ ۄ۰ۧ ŰȘمكّن Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ ŰšÙ…Ű§ له من ŰŻŰ§Ù„Ű© Űčلى Â«Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰźÙˆŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙŠÙ†Â» ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰŽŰ±ÙƒÙ‡Ù… في Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù…Ù„Ű© ŰŁÙŠŰ¶Ű§Ù‹)ی ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù…Ű±Ű§ŰŻ من ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù…Ù„Ű§ŰȘ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰšÙŠÙ‘Ù† للŰč۱ۚ Ù‚ŰšŰ­ Ű”Ù†ÙŠŰč Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű§Ű­ŰŻŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű±ÙˆŰłŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰłŰȘ۔۱۟ Ű¶Ù…Ű§ŰŠŰ±Ù‡Ù… Ù„Ù†ŰŹŰŻŰ© Ű„ŰźÙˆŰ§Ù†Ù†Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙŠÙ† في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ† ŰȘفŰȘي ŰšÙˆŰŹÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ لŰȘŰ­Ű±ÙŠŰ± Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰłÙŠŰ±.

وفي Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰšÙ„ ÙŰ„Ù†Ù‘ Ù…Ű”Ű± ŰłŰȘÙ†Ű§Ù„ ŰŁŰŹŰ±Ù‡Ű§ ÙˆŰ§ÙÙŠŰ§Ù‹ Űčلى Ù…ŰŹÙ‡ÙˆŰŻŰ§ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ من ŰźÙ„Ű§Ù„ Ű”Ù†ŰŻÙˆÙ‚ ŰȘمويل ŰȘŰČمŰč ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† Ű„Ù†ŰŽŰ§ŰĄÙ‡ ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰčŰ§ÙˆÙ† مŰč Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù…Ù„ÙƒŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰŹ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ŰŒ ويكون Ù…Ù‚Ű±Ù‡ في ŰŹÙ†ÙŠÙ. Ű«Ù… Ű„Ù† Ù…Ű”Ű± Ù‚ŰŻ ŰȘÙ†Ű§Ù„ ŰŁŰŹŰ±Ù‡Ű§ Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ Ù…Ű¶Ű§ŰčÙŰ§Ù‹ من ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§. ÙŰ„Ù† لŰČم Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†Â» ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ (ÙˆÙ„Ű§ ŰŽÙƒ ŰŁÙ†Ù‡ ŰłÙŠÙ„ŰČمهم) ÙŰ„Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§Ù‡Ű±Ű© ŰšŰ„Ù…ÙƒŰ§Ù†Ù‡Ű§ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰšÙŠŰč ۣۚ۳Űčۧ۱ Ù…Ű±ŰšŰ­Ű© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Â«Ű”Ù†ŰŻÙˆÙ‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ» ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰłÙ„Ű­Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ÙŰ§ŰŠŰ¶Ű© Űčن ۭۧۏŰȘÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘي ۧێŰȘ۱ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ من Ù…ÙˆŰłÙƒÙˆ في Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ű¶ÙŠ ۣۚ۳Űčۧ۱ ŰČÙ‡ÙŠŰŻŰ©ŰŒ Ù„Ù„Ù…ŰłŰ§Ù‡Ù…Ű© ŰšÙ‡Ű§ في Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„Ű±ÙˆŰł!

[في Ű§Ù„Ű­Ù‚ÙŠÙ‚Ű©ŰŒ ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰłÙ„Ű­Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ© Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű± لم ŰȘكن Ű±ŰźÙŠŰ”Ű©ŰŒ ÙˆŰ„Ù†Ù…Ű§ ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ ŰŽŰšÙ‡ Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ Ù„ŰŁÙ† Ù…Ű”Ű± لم ŰȘŰŻÙŰč Ù„Ű­ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ… Ű«Ù…Ù†Ù‡Ű§ŰŒ ŰšÙ„ يمكن ŰŁÙ† ÙŠÙ‚Ű§Ù„ Ű„Ù† Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘۭۧۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘي Ù‚ŰŻ ŰȘŰšŰ±Ù‘Űč ŰšÙ…ŰŹÙ…Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ Ù‚Ű§ŰȘل ŰšÙ‡ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠÙˆÙ† في ۣ۱ۚŰčŰ© Ű­Ű±ÙˆŰš (56/ 67/ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘنŰČŰ§Ù/ 73) Ù„Ù…Ű”Ù„Ű­Ű© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ‡ÙˆŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±ŰšÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠ Ű¶ŰŻÙ‘ Â«Ű„ŰłŰ±Ű§ŰŠÙŠÙ„Â». ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű§ŰȘۭۧۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘي لم يكŰȘف ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰȘۚ۱Űč للŰč۱ۚ ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ Ù‚Ű§ŰȘÙ„ÙˆŰ§ ŰšÙ‡ ŰčŰŻÙˆÙ‡Ù…ŰŒ ŰšÙ„ هو ŰȘۚ۱Űč لهم ŰšÙ…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±ÙŠÙ† ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠÙŠÙ†ŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰ·ÙˆŰ§Ù‚Ù… من ŰźÙŠŰ±Ű© Ű·ÙŠŰ§Ű±ÙŠÙ‡ Ù„ÙŠÙ‚Ű§ŰȘÙ„ÙˆŰ§ ŰŹÙ†ŰšŰ§Ù‹ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŹÙ†Űš مŰč Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠÙŠÙ†ŰŒ وليŰčلموهم كيف ÙŠŰłŰȘŰčملون Ű°Ù„Ùƒ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ ŰšÙƒÙŰ§ŰĄŰ©. ŰŁÙ…Ù‘Ű§ ۄ۰ۧ ŰȘŰ·Ű±Ù‚Ù†Ű§ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰ§ŰčۯۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù‚ŰȘŰ”Ű§ŰŻÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű§ŰŹŰȘÙ…Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ© Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű± وللŰč۱ۚ ŰŹÙ…ÙŠŰčŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙŰ­ŰŻÙ‘Ű« ÙˆÙ„Ű§ ۭ۱ۏ!].

ÙˆÙ…ŰšŰ§ŰŽŰ±Ű© ŰšŰčŰŻ ŰȘلقيه Ù…Ű·Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŽ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšŰčÙˆŰ« Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§Ù…ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰŒ ŰŁÙ…Ű± Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ ŰšŰȘŰźŰ”ÙŠŰ” Ù…Ű·Ű§Ű± Ù‚Ù†Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠ ليكون Ù…Ù‚Ű±Ű§Ù‹ Ù„Ù…ŰŹÙ‡ÙˆŰŻ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ» Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰŒ ÙˆÙ„ÙŠŰ”ÙŠŰ± Ù‚Ű§ŰčŰŻŰ© Ù…Ù†Ù‡Ű§ ŰȘŰ­Ù…Ù‘Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰłÙ„Ű­Ű© Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠŰ© (Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘÙŠŰ©) Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰšŰ§ÙƒŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† Ű­ÙŠŰ« ŰȘوŰČŰčÙ‡Ű§ Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» Űčلى Ű„ŰźÙˆŰ§Ù†Ù†Ű§ Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â». ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ŰŁÙ…Ű± Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠ ۚۏŰčل Ù…ÙŠÙ†Ű§ŰĄ ŰšÙˆŰ±ŰłŰčÙŠŰŻ Ù‚Ű§ŰčŰŻŰ© ŰźÙ„ÙÙŠŰ© لŰȘŰźŰČين ÙˆŰŽŰ­Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰłÙ„Ű§Ű­ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù…ÙŠÙ†Ű§ŰĄ ÙƒŰ±Ű§ŰȘŰŽÙŠ.

وفي 1 Ù†ÙŠŰłŰ§Ù† 1980 ŰšÙ‚Ù‘ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ­Ű”Ű© ÙƒÙ…Ű§ يقول Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű«Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ù„ŰšÙ†Ű§Ù†ÙŠŰŒ Ű­ÙŠÙ† ŰȘكلم في Ű­ŰŻÙŠŰ« Ű”Ű­Ű§ÙÙŠ Ù†ŰŽŰ±ŰȘه ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù… Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠŰ© Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹: Â«Ű„Ù†Ù†Ű§ Űčلى ۧ۳ŰȘŰčۯۧۯ ۣۚ۳۱Űč Ù…Ű§ يمكن لكي Ù†ŰłŰ§ŰčŰŻ في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† ÙˆŰŁÙ† نŰȘŰŻŰźÙ„ Ù„Ù†Ű”Ű±Ű© Ű„ŰźÙˆŰ§Ù†Ù†Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ† Ù‡Ù†Ű§ÙƒŰŒ ŰłÙˆŰ§ŰĄ Ű·Ù„ŰšÙˆŰ§ Ù…Ù†Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłŰ§ŰčŰŻŰ© ŰŁÙˆ لم ÙŠŰ·Ù„ŰšÙˆÙ‡Ű§!» (1).

ÙˆŰšŰčŰŻ يوم من ۧۏŰȘÙ…Ű§Űčه مŰč Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘی ۷ۧ۱ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŹŰŻŰ©ŰŒ Ű­ÙŠŰ« Ű§Ù„ŰȘقى Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ± ÙÙ‡ŰŻ ولي Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ‡ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠ ÙˆŰŽÙ‚ÙŠÙ‚Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ± ŰłÙ„Ű·Ű§Ù† وŰČÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŰ§Űč. ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű·Ù„ÙˆŰš من Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ŰŁÙ† ŰȘ۟۱ۏ من ŰŹÙŠÙˆŰšÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„. ولم ÙŠŰ±ÙŰ¶ ÙÙ‡ŰŻ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰŻÙŰčی ولكنه ۧێŰȘ۱۷ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰŹŰ±Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙˆŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù†ÙŠŰ© ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„Ű±ÙˆŰł ŰšŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ù…ŰźŰ§ÙŰ© Ű§Ù†ŰȘÙ‚Ű§Ù…Ù‡Ù… من Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù…Ù„ÙƒŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ† يŰȘولى Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ± ŰȘŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ű§Ù„ÙÙŠŰ”Ù„ Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù…Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ŰȘÙ†ŰłÙŠÙ‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠ مŰč Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â»ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ­Ű”Ű±ÙŽ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘŰ”Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰȘُ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠŰ§ŰłÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘÙˆŰŹÙŠÙ‡Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšŰ§ŰŽŰ±Ű© Ù„Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ† ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű·Ű±Ù Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠ. Ű«Ù…Ù‘ Ű„Ù†Ù‘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ± ÙÙ‡ŰŻ ۧێŰȘ۱۷ Űčلى Ù…ŰłŰȘێۧ۱ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ€ŰŻÙŠ Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© Ù‚ŰłŰ·Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠ ŰšÙ…Ű§ ÙŠŰłŰ§ÙˆÙŠ Ù‚ŰłŰ· Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ŰŁÙŠ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰŻÙŰč هي Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ 500 مليون ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻŰŒ ŰȘŰȘŰŹŰŻŰŻ ŰŻÙˆŰ±ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ ۭۚ۳ۚ ۭۧۏ۩ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†.

ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† Űčلى ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠÙ‚ŰšÙ„ ŰšŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰ· ÙÙ‡ŰŻŰŒ ولكن Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŽÙƒÙ„Ű© ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ±Ű· Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźÙŠŰ± ŰčÙˆÙŠŰ” Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ­Ù‚ÙŠÙ‚. ÙˆÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† ÙƒŰ§Ù† «ŰčŰŽÙ…Ù‡Ű§Â» ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰȘكفل Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ŰšŰȘŰ­Ù…Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰčۚۧۥ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠŰ© Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ù„ÙˆŰ­ŰŻÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ ŰŁÙˆ ŰšŰ§Ù„Ű§ŰŽŰȘŰ±Ű§Ùƒ مŰč ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰŹ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰. ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ Ű­Ű§ÙˆÙ„ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰŽŰ±Ű­ Ù„ÙÙ‡ŰŻ ŰšŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Űčۚۥ Ű§Ù„Ù†Ű”Ù Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ هو ŰŁŰ«Ù‚Ù„ Ù…Ù…Ű§ ŰȘŰłŰȘŰ·ÙŠŰč ميŰČŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰȘŰ­Ù…Ù„ÙŽÙ‡. ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ŰŁÙ†Ù‡ ŰŁÙƒŰšŰ± Ù…Ù…Ű§ ŰȘÙ‚ŰšÙ„ ŰšÙ‡ Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘÙŰ±ŰčŰ© من Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ€ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű±ŰŹÙŠŰ© في Ű§Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙ†ŰșŰ±ŰłŰŒ Ù„Ù„Ù…ÙˆŰ§ÙÙ‚Ű© Űčلى ۧŰčŰȘÙ…Ű§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ©. ÙŰ¶Ù„Ű§Ù‹ Űčن ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Ű§Ù„Ű°Ù‡Ű§Űš Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù…Ű«Ù„ Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„Ù„ŰŹŰ§Ù† يŰčني ŰŽŰšÙ‡ ÙƒŰŽÙÙ للŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ© ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„Ű±ÙˆŰł! ولم يŰȘŰČŰ­ŰČŰ­ ÙÙ‡ŰŻ Űčن ŰŽŰ±Ű·Ù‡ Ű„Ù„Ű§ Ù‚Ù„ÙŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙÙ‚ŰšÙ„ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ€ŰŹÙ„ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ Ù…ŰłŰ§Ù‡Ù…ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ Ù„ŰšŰč۶ Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ‚ŰȘ Ű­ŰȘى ŰȘۯۚ۱ ŰŁÙ…Ű±Ù‡Ű§ŰŒ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ Ù‚ŰšÙ„ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘۚۧۯ۱ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰȘمويل Ù…ŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰč Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ Ù…Ù†ÙŰ±ŰŻŰ© Űčلى ŰŁÙ† ŰȘÙ„Ű­Ù‚ ŰšÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆŰ§ŰŽÙ†Ű·Ù† Ű­ÙŠÙ† ÙŠÙŠŰłÙ‘Ű± Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ù„Ù‡Ű§ Ù…ŰźŰ±ŰŹŰ§Ù‹ من ŰčŰłŰ±Ù‡Ű§.

ÙŠŰłŰŁÙ„ÙˆÙ†Ùƒ Űčن Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙÙŠÙˆÙ†ŰŒ قل فيه Ù…Ù†Ű§ÙŰč Ù„Ù„Ù†Ű§Űł

Ù…Ű±ŰȘ ŰłÙ†Ű© 1980 Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù†ŰȘŰźŰ§ŰšÙŠŰ© من ŰŻÙˆÙ† ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰŻÙŰč ۄۯۧ۱۩ ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘ۱ ŰȘÙƒŰ§Ù„ÙŠÙ Ù…ŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰčÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÙŠŰŒ ŰšÙ„ Ű„Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù…Ù„ÙƒŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© هي Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ŰȘŰ­Ù…Ù„ŰȘ Űčۚۥ Ű­Ű”ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆŰ­Ű”Ű© ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ مŰčŰ§Ù‹. ÙˆŰ§Ù†ŰȘهى ŰčŰ§Ù… 80 ۚ۟۳ۧ۱۩ ÙƒŰ§Ű±ŰȘ۱ ومŰșۧۯ۱ŰȘه مŰč Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±Ù‡ ŰšŰ±ÙŠŰŹÙ†ŰłÙƒÙŠ Ù„Ù„ŰšÙŠŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰšÙŠŰ¶ŰŒ ÙˆÙ…ŰŹÙŠŰĄ Ű±ÙˆÙ†Ű§Ù„ŰŻ Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† ÙˆŰ·Ű§Ù‚Ù…Ù‡. ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† من Ű§Ù„Ű·ŰšÙŠŰčي ŰŁÙ† ŰȘفŰȘŰ­ Ù„Ù„Ű„ŰŻŰ§Ű±Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰŻÙŠŰŻŰ© ŰŹÙ…ÙŠŰčُ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„ÙŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙˆÙ…Ù†Ù‡Ű§ ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ ÙˆŰŻŰ­Ű± Ű§Ù„ÙƒÙŰ± ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű„Ù„Ű­Ű§ŰŻ. ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†Ű±Ű§Ù„ ÙÙŠŰ±Ù†ÙˆÙ† ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘ۱ŰČ Ù†Ű§ŰŠŰš Ù…ŰŻÙŠŰ± ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© ŰąÙ†Ű°Ű§ÙƒŰŒ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰŽŰ±Ű­ Ù„Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† ŰȘÙŰ§Ű”ÙŠÙ„ ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ©. ÙˆÙŠŰšŰŻÙˆ ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù†ŰȘ۟ۚ Ù‚ŰŻ ŰȘŰ­Ù…Űł ÙƒŰ«ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù‹ Ù„Ù…ŰłŰŁÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ. ولكن Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰčŰ¶Ù„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ù‚ŰŻÙŠÙ…Ű© ÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ Ù…Ű§ ŰȘŰČŰ§Ù„ Ù‚Ű§ŰŠÙ…Ű©ŰŒ ÙŰ§Ù„Ű§ŰčŰȘÙ…Ű§ŰŻŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠŰ© للŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ© ŰšŰ§Ù‡ŰžŰ© ŰŹŰŻŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű±ÙŠŰ§Ű¶ ۚۯۣŰȘ ŰȘŰȘŰ°Ù…Ű± Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙ†Ù‡Ű§ ŰȘŰ­Ù…Ù„ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŽÙŠÙ„Ű©Â» Ù„ÙˆŰ­ŰŻÙ‡Ű§ŰŒ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ Ű„Ù† Ű­Ù…Ù„Ű© Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù†ŰȘŰźŰ§ŰšÙŠŰ© Ù†ÙŰłÙ‡Ű§ Ű±ÙŰčŰȘ ŰŽŰčۧ۱ Ű§Ù„Ű¶ŰșŰ· Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ű„Ù†ÙŰ§Ù‚ Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙˆÙ…ÙŠ لŰȘÙ‚Ù„ÙŠŰ” Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù…ŰŒ ومن ŰșÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„ÙˆŰ§Ű±ŰŻ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰźÙ†Ű« Ű§Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ŰšŰ§Ù„ÙˆŰčŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ Ù‚Ű·Űčه Ù„Ù„Ù†Ű§ŰźŰšÙŠÙ† Ù…Ù†Ű° يومه Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙˆÙ„ في Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙ…. 

Ű±ÙˆÙ†Ű§Ù„ŰŻ Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† يلŰȘقي ŰšÙ‚Ű§ŰŻŰ© Ű§ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠÙŠÙ† في Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ† ŰšŰ­Ű¶ÙˆŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ùƒ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ†ÙŠ

Ű±ÙˆÙ†Ű§Ù„ŰŻ Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† يلŰȘقي ŰšÙ‚Ű§ŰŻŰ© Ű§ŰłÙ„Ű§Ù…ÙŠÙŠÙ† في Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ† ŰšŰ­Ű¶ÙˆŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ùƒ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ±ŰŻÙ†ÙŠ

ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ ۏۧۥ Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±ŰŹŰŒ في ŰŽÙƒÙ„ Â«Ù†Ű”ÙŠŰ­Ű©Â» من ŰŁÙ„ÙƒŰłÙ†ŰŻŰ± ŰŻÙˆ Ù…ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù†ŰŽ Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰČ Ù…ÙƒŰ§ÙŰ­Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰȘۏ۳۳ Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű±ŰŹÙŠ (Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰ§ŰšŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłÙŠŰ©)ی Ù„Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† Ű­ÙŠÙ†Ù…Ű§ ۧۏŰȘمŰč ŰšÙ‡ في Ű§Ù„Ù…ÙƒŰȘŰš Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŠŰ¶Ű§ÙˆÙŠ يوم 23 ÙƒŰ§Ù†ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű«Ű§Ù†ÙŠ 1981ی ŰšŰ­Ű¶ÙˆŰ± وŰČÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙŰ§Űč Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ ÙƒŰ§ŰłŰšŰ± ÙˆŰ§ÙŠÙ†ŰšŰ±ŰșŰ±ŰŒ ÙˆŰ±ÙˆŰšŰ±ŰȘ Ù…Ű§ÙƒÙŰ±Ù„ÙŠÙ† Ù…ŰłŰ§ŰčŰŻ Ù…ŰłŰȘێۧ۱ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù† Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙˆÙ…ÙŠŰŒ ÙˆÙÙŠŰ±Ù†ÙˆÙ† ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘ۱ŰČ Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ Űčينه Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† Ù…ŰłŰȘŰŽŰ§Ű±Ű§Ù‹ له Ù„Ù„Ù…Ù‡Ù…Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰźŰ§Ű”Ű©. ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù†ŰȘ Ù†Ű”ÙŠŰ­Ű© ŰŁÙ„ÙƒŰłÙ†ŰŻŰ± ŰŻÙˆ Ù…ÙŠŰ±Ű§Ù†ŰŽ Ù„Ű±ÙŠŰșŰ§Ù† ŰŁÙ†Ù‡ ŰšŰ„Ù…ÙƒŰ§Ù†Ù‡ ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰłŰȘÙÙŠŰŻ من ŰŽŰ­Ù†Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù‡Ű§ŰŠÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ÙŠŰ”Ű§ŰŻŰ±Ù‡Ű§ كل من مكŰȘŰš Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ­Ù‚ÙŠÙ‚Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ÙÙŠŰŻŰ±Ű§Ù„ÙŠ ÙˆÙ‡ÙŠŰŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ…Ű§Ű±ÙƒŰŒ Ù„ŰŁŰŹÙ„ ŰȘمويل ۭ۔۩ Ű§Ù„ÙˆÙ„Ű§ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© في Ű”Ù†ŰŻÙˆÙ‚ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ. ÙˆŰ„Ù†Ù‘ ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ­Ù†Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű§ŰŻŰ±Ű© من Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű±ŰšÙ…Ű§ ŰȘŰ«Ù…Ù‘Ù† ŰšÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű±Ű§ŰȘ في Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙ‚ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆŰŻŰ§ŰĄŰŒ ÙˆŰšŰŻÙ„Ű§Ù‹ من Ű„ŰȘÙ„Ű§ÙÙ‡Ű§ – ÙƒÙ…Ű§ ÙŠÙ†Ű” Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű§Ù†ÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ – ÙŠŰłŰȘŰ­ŰłÙ† Ű„Űčۧۯ۩ ŰšÙŠŰčÙ‡Ű§ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘÙŰ§ŰŻŰ© ŰšŰ«Ù…Ù†Ù‡Ű§ في Ű§Ù„ŰčÙ…Ù„ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ù„Ù„Ű„ŰŻŰ§Ű±Ű©ŰŒ من ŰŻÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙˆŰ± ŰšŰ§Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙ†Űș۱۳ ÙˆŰšÙ„ŰŹŰ§Ù†Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰšÙŠŰ±ÙˆÙ‚Ű±Ű§Ű·ÙŠŰ©. ولŰčل Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» ŰȘŰłŰȘÙÙŠŰŻ من Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ ŰšŰ·Ű±ÙŠÙ‚Ű© ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ ۄ۰ۧ ۧ۳ŰȘ۷ۧŰčŰȘ ŰȘÙˆŰ”ÙŠÙ„Ù‡Ű§ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ†ÙˆŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰłÙˆÙÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Ù„ÙŠŰłŰȘÙ‡Ù„ÙƒÙˆÙ‡Ű§! (2).

ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ Ű±Ű§Ù‚ Ù‡Ű°Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù‚ŰȘ۱ۭۧ Ű§Ù„ÙŰ±Ù†ŰłÙŠ Ù„Ù„Ű±ŰŠÙŠŰł Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰŒ ÙŰŁÙ…Ű± Ù…ŰŻÙŠŰ± Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰŻÙŠŰŻ ÙˆÙŠÙ„ÙŠŰ§Ù… ÙƒŰ§ÙŠŰłÙŠ ŰšŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰłŰčى Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰȘÙ†ÙÙŠŰ° Ù‡Ű°Ù‡ Â«Ű§Ù„ÙÙƒŰ±Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰčŰžÙŠÙ…Ű©Â» في Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű§Ù„. ÙˆÙƒŰ°Ù„Ùƒ ŰŹŰčل Ű§Ù„Ù„Ù‡ Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ Ù…ŰźŰ±ŰŹŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙˆŰ±ŰČÙ‚Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ù„Ű§ŰČم Ù„Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ في ŰłŰšÙŠÙ„Ù‡ŰŒ من Ű­ÙŠŰ« Ù„Ű§ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ۳ۚ!

ÙˆÙŠŰšŰŻÙˆ ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰłÙŠ. ŰąÙŠ. Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» Ű§ÙƒŰȘŰŽÙŰȘ Ù„Ű§Ű­Ù‚Ű§Ù‹ Ù…Ù†Ű§ÙŰč Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙÙŠÙˆÙ† Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠ ŰȘمŰȘۧŰČ ŰšŰ„Ù†ŰȘŰ§ŰŹÙ‡ ۣ۱۶ ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ÙÙ‡Ű°Ù‡ Ű§Ù„ŰČ۱ۧŰčŰ© لو Ù‚ŰŻÙ‘Ű± Ù„Ù‡Ű§ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰȘŰ·ÙˆÙ‘Ű± Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű”Ù†Ű§ŰčŰ©ŰŒ ÙŰ„Ù†Ù‡Ű§ ŰłŰȘŰșني Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â» Űčن Ù…ŰŻÙ‘ ŰŁÙƒÙÙ‡Ù… Ù„ŰŁÙŠŰŻÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű­ŰłÙ†ÙŠÙ†. ÙˆÙ‡ÙƒŰ°Ű§ ÙÙ‚ŰŻ ŰȘ۶ۧŰčÙŰŒ في ŰłÙ†ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻŰŒ Ű„Ù†ŰȘۧۏ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰČۧ۱Űčين Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù† من Ű§Ù„ŰźŰŽŰźŰ§ŰŽ Ù…Ű±Ű§ŰȘ ŰčŰŻŰ© Ű­ŰȘى ۔ۧ۱ Ù…Ű±ŰŻÙˆŰŻÙ‡ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ÙŠ ÙŠÙ‚Ű§Ű±Űš ŰłŰȘŰ© Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű±Ű§ŰȘ ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű± ŰłÙ†ÙˆÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁŰ”ŰšŰ­ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙÙŠÙˆÙ† وŰȘÙ‚Ű·ÙŠŰ±Ù‡ ŰŁÙ‡Ù… Ű”Ù†Ű§ŰčŰ© ÙˆŰ·Ù†ÙŠŰ© في Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„Ű§ŰŻ. ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ ۭۧŰȘۧۏŰȘ ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„Ű”Ù†Ű§ŰčŰ© ŰłŰ±ÙŠŰčŰ§Ù‹ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ±ŰŻÙÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰŹŰ§Ű±Ű©ŰŒ Ű«Ù…Ù‘ ۭۧŰȘۧۏŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰȘۏۧ۱۩ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű·Ű±Ù‚ Ù…ÙˆŰ§Ű”Ù„Ű§ŰȘ Ù…Ű€Ù…Ù†Ű©. ÙˆÙƒŰ°Ù„Ùƒ ŰŁÙ…ŰłÙƒ كل ŰČŰčيم Ù…ÙŠÙ„ÙŠŰŽÙŠŰ§ (ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÙŠŰ©) ŰšŰȘÙ‚Ű§Ű·Űč Ű·Ű±Ù‚ŰŒ ÙŰŁÙ†ŰŽŰŁ Űčليه ۭۧۏŰČŰ§Ù‹ ÙŠÙÙ†ÙŽŰžÙ‘ÙÙ… Ù…Ű±ÙˆŰ± ŰŽŰ­Ù†Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙÙŠÙˆÙ†ŰŒ ÙˆÙŠŰłÙ…Ű­ ŰšÙ‡Ű§ Ù…Ù‚Ű§ŰšÙ„ Ű±ŰłÙˆÙ… يقŰȘŰ·ŰčÙ‡Ű§ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ ÙŠŰ§ÙŰ·Ű© Â«ÙˆŰ§ŰŹŰš ŰŻŰčم Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ»!

ÙˆÙŠŰ±ÙˆÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű”Ű­Ű§ÙÙŠ Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ§ÙƒŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ÙŠ Ù…Ű­Ù…ŰŻ Ű±ŰŽÙŠŰŻ كيف ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰșŰ§Ű¶ÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘÙˆŰ§Ű·Ű€ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŹŰŽŰč Ù‚ŰŻ ŰŁÙˆŰ”Ù„ÙˆŰ§ ŰŹÙ…ÙŠŰčŰ§Ù‹ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù…Ű§ ÙŠŰŽŰšÙ‡ Â«Ű§Ù„Ű§Ù†ÙŰŹŰ§Ű±Â» في ŰȘۏۧ۱۩ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ. وفي ŰčÙ‚ŰŻ Ű§Ù„Ű«Ù…Ű§Ù†ÙŠÙ†ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ من Ű§Ù„Ù‚Ű±Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰčŰŽŰ±ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù‚ŰȘ۱ۚ Ű­ŰŹÙ… Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰŻŰ§ÙˆÙ„Ű© في Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ§Ù„Ù… من 70% من Ű„ŰŹÙ…Ű§Ù„ÙŠ Ű§Ù„Ű„Ù†ŰȘۧۏ. ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ Ű§Ű¶Ű·Ű±Ù‘ ŰšŰč۶ ۶ۚۧ۷ Ù…ÙƒŰ§ŰȘŰš Ù…ÙƒŰ§ÙŰ­Ű© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰȘۧۚŰčŰ© Ù„Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù… Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘŰ­ŰŻŰ© في ŰšÙŠŰŽŰ§ÙˆŰ± Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘÙ‚Ű§Ù„Ű© من ÙˆŰžŰ§ŰŠÙÙ‡Ù… ۭۧŰȘŰŹŰ§ŰŹŰ§Ù‹ Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±Ű§Ù‚ÙŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ÙŠŰ”Ù†ŰčÙ‡Ű§ Ű±ŰŹŰ§Ù„ Ű§Ù„Ű§ŰłŰȘ۟ۚۧ۱ۧŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±ÙƒŰČÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠŰ© ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰ§ŰšŰ±Ű§ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰčŰłÙƒŰ±ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ§ÙƒŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰ© Ù„ŰŹÙ‡ÙˆŰŻÙ‡Ù…! (3).  ومن Űș۱ۧۊۚ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ”Ű§Ű±ÙŠÙ ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Ű­Ű±ÙƒŰ© Ű·Ű§Ù„ŰšŰ§Ù†ŰŒ Ű­ÙŠÙ† ۧ۳ŰȘولŰȘ Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ű­ÙƒÙ… في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† ÙÙŠÙ…Ű§ ŰšŰčۯی ۣ۱ۧۯŰȘ ŰŁÙ† ŰȘŰ­Ű±Ù‘Ù… ŰČ۱ۧŰčŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘی Ù„ÙƒÙ†Ù‡Ű§ ÙˆŰŹŰŻŰȘ ŰŁÙ†Ù‘ Ù…ÙˆŰ§Ű±ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„Ű§ŰŻ من Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű§Ù„ Ù‚ŰŻ ŰŽŰ­Ù‘ŰȘ ŰšŰ”ÙˆŰ±Ű© Ù…ÙŰŹŰčŰ© من ŰšŰčŰŻ Ű­Ù…Ù„ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ù†ÙŠŰ© ۶ۯ Ű§Ù„ŰźŰŽŰźŰ§ŰŽ. ÙˆÙ„Ù…Ù‘Ű§ ÙƒŰ§Ù† Ű”Ù†ŰŻÙˆÙ‚ Ù…Ű§Ù„ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠ/ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒÙŠ Ù‚ŰŻ ولّى Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰșÙŠŰ± ۱ۏŰčŰ© مŰč Ű§Ù†ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ŰĄ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ» في Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„Ű§ŰŻŰŒ ÙÙ‚ŰŻ ÙƒŰ§Ù† Ù„Ű§ŰČÙ…Ű§Ù‹ Ù„ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű€Ù…Ù†ÙŠÙ† Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù„Ű§ Ù…Ű­Ù…ŰŻ ŰčÙ…Ű± ŰŁÙ† ÙŠŰŻŰšÙ‘Ű± ŰŁÙ…Ű±Ù‡. ÙˆÙ‡ÙƒŰ°Ű§ ۣ۔ۯ۱ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ± Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű€Ù…Ù†ÙŠÙ† فŰȘوى من ŰŁŰș۱ۚ Ù…Ű§ ÙŠÙƒÙˆÙ†ŰŒ ÙˆÙƒŰ§Ù† ÙŰ­ÙˆŰ§Ù‡Ű§ ŰŁÙ† «ŰČ۱ۧŰčŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙÙŠÙˆÙ† وŰȘۏۧ۱ŰȘه Ù…ŰšŰ§Ű­Ű© ێ۱ŰčŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ…Ű§ ŰČ۱ۧŰčŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű­ŰŽÙŠŰŽ وŰȘۏۧ۱ŰȘه فهي Ù…Ű­Ű±Ù…Ű© ێ۱ŰčŰ§Ù‹. ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŻŰ§Űčي: ŰŁÙ† Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙÙŠÙˆÙ† ŰȘقŰč ŰČ۱ۧŰčŰȘه ÙˆŰ”Ù†Ű§ŰčŰȘه ŰšÙ‡ŰŻÙ Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ”ŰŻÙŠŰ±ŰŒ ÙÙ„Ű§ ينŰČل Ű¶Ű±ÙŽŰ±ÙÙ‡ Ű„Ù„Ù‘Ű§ Űčلى Ű§Ù„ÙƒÙŰ§Ű±ŰŒ ÙˆŰŁÙ…Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ű­ŰŽÙŠŰŽ ÙŰ„Ù†Ù‡ ÙŠÙŰłŰȘهلك Ù…Ű­Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ù‹ŰŒ فينŰČل Ű¶Ű±Ű±Ù‡ Űčلى Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙŠÙ†!» (4).

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لم ŰȘنŰȘه Ű­ŰȘى Ű§Ù„ÙŠÙˆÙ… ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŁŰłŰ§Ű© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي Ű­Ù„ŰȘ ŰšŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ŰȘŰ­ŰȘ Ù…ŰłÙ…ÙŠŰ§ŰȘ Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ»ŰŒ ÙˆÂ«Ù†Ű”Ű±Ű© Ű„ŰźÙˆŰ§Ù†Ù†Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰłÙ„Ù…ÙŠÙ†Â»ŰŒ ÙˆÂ«Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ”ŰŻÙŠ Ù„Ù…ŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰč Ű§Ù„Ű„Ù„Ű­Ű§ŰŻÂ»… ÙˆÙ„Ù‚ŰŻ ÙˆŰ”Ù„ Ù…ŰŹÙ…Ù„ Ù…Ű§ ŰŁÙ†ÙÙ‚ŰȘه Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ·Ű±Ű§Ù Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰȘ۔ۧ۱ŰčŰ© في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ÙˆÙ…Ű§ ۟۳۱ŰȘه ŰȘلك Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„Ű§ŰŻ ŰŹŰ±Ù‘Ű§ŰĄ Ű­Ű±ÙˆŰš Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ» ÙˆÂ«Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±ÙŠŰ©Â» ÙˆÂ«ŰŻŰ­Ű± Ű§Ù„Ű„Ù„Ű­Ű§ŰŻÂ» Ű„Ù„Ù‰ Ù…Ű§ قيمŰȘه 45 Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű±. ÙˆŰ”Ű±ÙŰȘ Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» Űčلى Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠ Ù…Ű§ ÙŠÙ‚ŰŻÙ‘Ű±Ù Ű§Ù„ŰźŰšŰ±Ű§ŰĄÙ قيمŰȘه ŰšÙŠÙ† 12 Ű„Ù„Ù‰ 14 Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű± ŰŻÙˆÙ„Ű§Ű±. وŰȘكفلŰȘ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ù…Ù„ÙƒŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ŰšŰŻÙŰč Űčێ۱۩ Ù…Ù„ÙŠŰ§Ű±Ű§ŰȘ من Ű°Ù„Ùƒ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšÙ„Űșی ŰŁÙ…Ù‘Ű§ ŰŻÙˆÙ„ Ű§Ù„ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰŹ Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ ÙˆÙ…Ù†ŰžÙ…Ű§ŰȘÙ‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„ŰźÙŠŰ±ÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙÙ‚ŰŻ ŰŁŰłÙ‡Ù…ŰȘ ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰȘۚ۱Űč ŰšŰ§Ù„ŰšŰ§Ù‚ÙŠ. ÙˆŰłŰ§Ù‡Ù…ŰȘ Â«ŰłÙŠ ŰąÙŠ Ű„ÙŠÙ‡Â» ŰšÙ†Ű”ÙŠŰšÙ‡Ű§ من Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰšÙ„Űș Űčۚ۱ ŰȘŰšÙŠÙŠŰ¶ ŰȘۏۧ۱۩ Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰźŰŻŰ±Ű§ŰȘ. ولكن ŰłÙ„ŰłÙ„Ű© Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±ÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ‡Ù„ÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„ŰȘي ۱ŰčŰ§Ù‡Ű§ Ű§Ù„Ù‚ÙŠÙ‘Ù…ÙˆÙ† Űčلى Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â» في ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù†ŰŒ ŰłŰ§Ù‡Ù…ŰȘ ÙƒŰ°Ù„Ùƒ في قŰȘل ŰŁÙƒŰ«Ű± من 3 Ù…Ù„Ű§ÙŠÙŠÙ† Ű„Ù†ŰłŰ§Ù† ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ÙŠŰŒ ŰŁŰșÙ„ŰšÙ‡Ù… من Ű§Ù„ŰŁŰ·ÙŰ§Ù„ ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù†ŰłŰ§ŰĄ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŽÙŠÙˆŰź. وŰȘÙ‡ŰŹÙŠŰ± Ù…Ű§ ŰšÙŠÙ† 3 Ű„Ù„Ù‰ 4 Ù…Ù„Ű§ÙŠÙŠÙ† من Ű§Ù„ŰšŰŽŰ±. ÙˆŰŻÙ…Ù‘Ű±ŰȘ Â«Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű±Űš Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÙŠŰ©Â» ŰšÙ†ÙŠŰ© ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù†ŰłŰȘŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰȘŰ­ŰȘÙŠŰ© ŰȘÙ…Ű§Ù…Ű§Ù‹. ÙˆŰ­Ű±Ù…ŰȘ ŰŹÙŠÙ„Ű§Ù‹ ÙƒŰ§Ù…Ù„Ű§Ù‹ من Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù† من كل ÙŰ±Ű” Ű§Ù„ŰȘÙ‚ŰŻÙ… ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰȘŰ·ÙˆŰ± ÙˆŰ§Ù„Ù†Ù…Ű§ŰĄ. ولم ŰȘÙ†Űł ŰšŰ±ÙƒŰ§ŰȘ Â«Ű­Ű±ÙˆŰš Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻÂ» Ű§Ù„ŰšÙ„ŰŻŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠŰ© Ű§Ù„Ű±Ű§ŰčÙŠŰ©ŰŒ ÙÙ‚ŰŻ Űčۧۯ ÙƒŰ«ÙŠŰ± من Â«Ű§Ù„Ù…ŰŹŰ§Ù‡ŰŻÙŠÙ†Â» (Ű§Ù„Ű°ÙŠÙ† ŰłÙ…ÙˆŰ§ في ÙˆŰłŰ§ŰŠÙ„ Ű§Ù„Ű„ŰčÙ„Ű§Ù… ŰšÙ€Â«Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙŰșŰ§Ù† Ű§Ù„Űč۱ۚ») Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ŰšÙ„Ű§ŰŻÙ‡Ù…ŰŒ Ù„ÙŠÙ†ŰŽŰ±ÙˆŰ§ Ù…ÙˆŰŹŰ§ŰȘ ŰŁŰźŰ±Ù‰ من Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ في ŰŁÙˆŰ·Ű§Ù†Ù‡Ù…. ÙˆÙƒŰ°Ù„Ùƒ ŰșŰ±Ù‚ŰȘ Ű§Ù„ŰŹŰČۧۊ۱ ÙˆÙ…Ű”Ű± (ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰłŰčÙˆŰŻÙŠŰ© ŰŁÙŠŰ¶Ű§Ù‹) Ù„ŰłÙ†ÙˆŰ§ŰȘ ŰčŰŻÙŠŰŻŰ© في ۔۱ۧŰčۧŰȘ ŰŻŰ§ŰźÙ„ÙŠŰ© ŰŻŰ§Ù…ÙŠŰ©. ولم ÙŠÙ†ŰłÙŽ Ű§Ù„ŰŹÙ‡Ű§ŰŻ ŰŁÙ…ÙŠŰ±ÙƒŰ§ŰŒ ÙÙ†Ű§Ù„Ù‡Ű§ ŰŽÙŠŰĄ من Ű±Ű°Ű§Ű°Ù‡ في ۣۭۯۧ۫ Ű§Ù„Ű­Ű§ŰŻÙŠ Űčێ۱ من ŰŁÙŠÙ„ÙˆÙ„/ ۳ۚŰȘÙ…ŰšŰ± 2001.

* ÙƒŰ§ŰȘŰš ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠ

Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű±Ű§ŰŹŰč:

(1) Ù…Ű­Ù…ŰŻ Ű­ŰłÙ†ÙŠÙ† Ù‡ÙŠÙƒÙ„ŰŒ Ű§Ù„ŰČمن Ű§Ù„ŰŁÙ…Ű±ÙŠÙƒÙŠ: من Ù†ÙŠÙˆÙŠÙˆŰ±Ùƒ Ű„Ù„Ù‰ ÙƒŰ§ŰšÙˆÙ„ŰŒ Ű§Ù„ŰŽŰ±ÙƒŰ© Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”Ű±ÙŠŰ© Ù„Ù„Ù†ŰŽŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰčŰ±ŰšÙŠ ÙˆŰ§Ù„ŰŻÙˆÙ„ÙŠŰŒ Ű· 4ی يونيو 2003ی Ű”258.

(2) John Cooley – Unholy Wars: Afghanistan, America and International Terrorism – Pluto Press, june 2002 – P 128-129

(3)Ahmed Rashid –Taliban: Islam, Oil and the New Great Game in Central Asia -I.B. Tauris Publishers, 2000 – P 120-121

(4) Ù…Ű­Ù…ŰŻ Ű­ŰłÙ†ÙŠÙ† Ù‡ÙŠÙƒÙ„ŰŒ Ű§Ù„Ù…Ű”ŰŻŰ± Ű§Ù„ŰłŰ§ŰšÙ‚ŰŒ Ű”293.